path. consequences (9 mid. 2)

which type of bacteria produce endotoxins

ONLY gram -

which types of hypersensitivity are perfume allergies

type 1 (touching mucus) and type 4 (touching skin)

T/F exotoxins are less severe than endotoxins and why

false, they are more severe because they cause serious tissue damage

why doesnt scarlet fever caused by strep pyrogenic exotoxins have a vaccine

because there are so many variants so even if u can isolate it theres too many variables

what are the exotoxin modes of action + explain

haemolysins - affect more than just RBC, can do enzymatic lysis (breaks cell membrane) or pore formation with alpha-toxin (like MAC)

alteration of metabolic machinery - inhibit protein synthesis with a (active) and b (binding) subunits, or hyperactivation which causes diarrhea (not cell death)

interference with nerve and muscle transmission - with tetanus, cant stop the signal so uncontrollable spasms and lock jaw, b subunit binds to ganglioside receptor on nerve cells and A subunit is internalized and carried to CNS

which neurotransmitters and inhibited in tetanus

gabba and glycine