LESSON 2: ANTHROPOLOGY AND FIELDWORK

Participant Observation

is an important process in doing fieldwork which was pioneered by Bronislaw Malinowski in 1915.

active participation of the researcher to the social setting/group – observing the behaviors, interactions and practices of the participants.

Ethnography

recording and analyzing culture or society that results in a written account of people, places, or institutions in a form of qualitative research that involves long-term participation while observing the daily lives and activities of the people.

Comes from the Greek words ethnos (group) and grapos (writing).

An in-depth study of a particular cultural group.

Ethnology

employing the comparative method and ethnographic data, and apply them to cross-cultural topic

comes from the Greek words ethnos (group) and logos (study).

Ethnology often compares and contrasts various cultures.

Etic

outsider's view

understanding culture from the point of view of a non-member of a culture

It helps to make sense of the worldviews without biases

Hawthorne Effect

Emic

one dives into a culture and be part of it

One needs to participate and fully integrate into everything about the culture

Bronislaw Malinowski

Father of Participant Observation

Emic and Etic

Two kinds of Anthropological Perspective