Introduction to Biology, Science, Technology, and the Scientific Method

Vocabulary flashcards covering the definitions of biology, the distinctions between science and technology, and the 7 stages of the scientific method.

Biology (Etymology)

Derived from the Greek words bios (meaning life) and logos (meaning science or study), translating to the science of life.

Biology

The science that studies living beings, including their origin, evolution, physical and cognitive structure, function, metabolism, growth, reproduction, and relationship with the environment.

Technology (Etymology)

Derived from the Greek words techne (meaning art, craft, or trade) and logia (meaning study), translating to the study of a craft or trade.

Science (Purpose and Interest)

A systematic body of knowledge whose purpose is to construct theories and whose interest is to discover the truth and explain natural phenomena.

Technology (Purpose and Interest)

A set of organized knowledge, techniques, skills, and tools whose purpose is to solve practical problems and whose interest is to design, innovate, and satisfy immediate human needs.

Procedure of Science

The scientific method, carried out through rigorous research in sources such as books, encyclopedias, articles, and lectures.

Procedure of Technology

Technological processes that apply technical skills and methods to solve concrete issues in technical, computing, or industrial fields.

Results of Science

Laws and theoretical principles that explain the mechanisms of natural phenomena.

Results of Technology

New technologies, physical tools, and digital applications (such as artificial intelligence or multi-function pens) developed to satisfy specific needs.

Scientific Method

An ordered, systematic, and rigorous process used to investigate phenomena, acquire new knowledge, validate theories, and minimize subjectivity.

Observation (Scientific Method)

The first stage of the scientific method, involving sensory examination (sight, touch, smell, or hearing) to describe a phenomenon and spark curiosity.

Problem Statement (Scientific Method)

The second stage of the scientific method, where one or two clear, concise, and specific research questions are formulated about what was observed.

Review / Background Investigation (Scientific Method)

The third stage of the scientific method, which involves analyzing existing research by theorists and experts to follow up on prior work and methods.

Hypothesis

The fourth stage of the scientific method, consisting of a tentative explanation or testable proposed answer to the research question.

Null Hypothesis

A negative hypothesis within the scientific framework stating that a proposed explanation or effect is not true (the negative or 'no' outcome).

Experimentation (Scientific Method)

The fifth stage of the scientific method, which designs and conducts controlled tests, surveys, questionnaires, or interviews to verify the hypothesis.

Data Analysis (Scientific Method)

The sixth stage of the scientific method, where collected experimental data and field notes are evaluated (often using mathematics or statistics) to determine whether they support the hypothesis.

Conclusion and Communication (Scientific Method)

The seventh and final stage of the scientific method, where hypotheses are accepted, modified, or rejected, and findings are shared with the scientific community.