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Main idea:
They reduce inflammation in the lungs.
KNOW THIS
Your professor lists three routes:
Route | Examples |
|---|---|
Intravenous (IV) | Solu-Medrol |
Oral (PO) | Prednisone |
Inhaled (INH) | Budesonide, fluticasone, mometasone, beclomethasone |
Important points:
Your professor identifies inhaled steroids as the best choice.
They may be taken alone or combined with a beta agonist to prevent asthma attacks.
Fluticasone/salmeterol (Advair) is an example of a combination product.
Oral steroids have many side effects and should not be used long-term.
They are generally used as short-course therapy for severe, recurrent asthma.
Oral Steroid Side effects
Suppressed immune system.
Suppressed growth.
High blood pressure.
Ulcers.
Personality changes.
Fat buildup.
Metabolic changes.
Diabetes.
Menstrual irregularities.
Other respiratory medications
Drug group | Examples | Main thing to know |
|---|---|---|
Leukotriene inhibitors | Montelukast (Singulair) | Oral anti-inflammatory medication |
Mast-cell stabilizers | Cromolyn, nedocromil | Not instant relief |
Anticholinergics | Tiotropium, ipratropium | Used in COPD; not instant relief |
Methylxanthines | Theophylline, aminophylline | Used in some COPD patients |
Cough suppressants | Includes opioids | Your professor says this is not a great use for opioids |
Antihistamines | Diphenhydramine (Benadryl), loratadine | Used for seasonal allergies |
Your professor also says cromolyn, nedocromil,
tiotropium, and ipratropium do not work instantly but
can reduce lung damage over time
Antihistamines — know the difference:
Benadryl: sedating.
Loratadine: non-sedating.