Oral patho study guide***

Anodontia

Complete lack of tooth formation

Hypodontia

Reduction in number of teeth (1–5 missing teeth)

Oligodontia

6 or more missing teeth

Hyperdontia

Extra teeth (supernumerary teeth)

Microdontia

Abnormally small teeth

Macrodontia

Abnormally large teeth

Gemination

Partial division of a single tooth germ

Fusion

Union of two developing tooth germs by dentin

Concrescence

Union of two teeth by cementum only

Hypercementosis

Excessive deposition of cementum

Dilaceration

Abnormal bend in the root

Taurodontism

Enlarged pulp chamber of a multirooted tooth

Cystic hygroma, a type of lymphangioma, may become a medical emergency if the tumor grows large enough to block the airway.

True

False

True

This 32-year-old male presents with a solitary, pedunculated papillary nodule of the right lateral aspect of the sublingual frenum measuring 0.5 cm diameter. What is the most likely diagnosis?

squamous papilloma

verruca vulgars

condyloma acuminatum

sialolithiasis

ranula

squamous papilloma

Nasolabial cysts have a strong female predilection and present as soft tissue swellings along the nasolabial groove.

• Truel

• False

True

An asymptomatic 8-year-old boy presents for routine dental care with a fairly diffuse cobblestone appearance of the anterior dorsal tongue that appears somewhat translucent. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

• granular cell tumor

• squamous papilloma

• squamous cell carcinoma |

• Lymphangioma

• mucocele

Lymphangioma

A 56-year-old female presents with a somewhat firm, non-tender, pink, smooth-surfaced nodule of the left anterior buccal mucosa at the height of the occlusal plane. Which of the following would be the most likely diagnostic consideration?

• lipoma

• fibroma

• neurofibroma

• neunlemmoma

• squamous papilloma

• fibroma

A bony firm swelling in the midline hard palate most likely represents a:

• fibroma

• mucocele

• lipoma

• palatal torus

palatal torus

A lipoma:

• is very common in the mouth

• appears brown in color

• is a benign tumor of fat cells

• has a high recurrence rate when surgically removed

• is a benign tumor of fat cells

Hodgkin lymphoma is much more common than Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, with over 77,000 new cases diagnosed in the U.S. each year.

true

False

An asymptomatic 3 mm yellowish-white soft papule of the posterior lateral tongue associated with the lingual tonsil most likely represents:

• mucocele

• sialolith

• oral lymphoepithelial cyst

• thyroglossal duct cyst

• dermoid cyst

Oral lymphoepithelial cyst

The Reed-Sternberg cell is the malignant cell associated with:

• leukemia

• non-hodgkin lymphoma

• hodgkin lymphoma

• mucoepidermoid carcinoma

• adenoid cystic carcinoma

Hodgkin lymphoma

All of the following are characteristics of a benign neoplasm EXCEPT:

slow growth

encapsulation

movable on palpation

infiltrative growth

no metastasis

infiltrative growth

Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of fibrous dysplasia?

• slow growth

• pain

• bony swelling

• ground gland appearance of bone radiographically

• pain

Paget's disease of bone is usually___ , while fibrous dysplasia is usually ___.

• Answer 1: Polyostotic —

• Answer 2: Monostotic —

The radiographic presentation of scooped out radiolucencies of the alveolar bone, giving the appearance of teeth "floating in air" is characteristic of which of the following conditions?

Traumatic bone cyst

Ameloblastoma

Langerhans cell histiocytosis

Central giant cell granuloma

Langerhans cell histiocytosis

'Ground glass" radiographs are a term used to describe:

• Fibrous dysplasia

• Paget's disease of bone

• Langerhans cell histiocytosis

• Ossifying fibroma

Fibrous dysplasia

A focal area of increased bone density is found incidentally on routine radiographs. The adjacent tooth is vital. What is the most likely diagnosis?

• condensing osteitis

• idiopathic osteosclerosis

• hypercementosis

• astoosurcoma

idiopathic osteosclerosis

Primary malignancy of bone is termed:

• Chondrosarcoma

• Multiple myeloma

• Osteosarcoma

• Langerhans cell histiocytosis

Osteosarcoma

Multiple jaw osteomas, epidermoid cysts of the skin and polyps of the colon is suspicious for what condition?

• fibrous hyperplasia

• langerhans cell histiocytosis

• Gardner's syndrome

• cleidocranial dysplasia
  cherubism

• Gardner's syndrome

Multiple "punched out" radiolucencies describes the radiographs seen with:

• multiple myeloma

Langerhans cell histiocytosis

osteosarcoma

Paget's disease of bone

• multiple myeloma

Gardner's syndrome patients are at a very high risk of developing lung cancer.

True

False

True

A significant complication of Paget's disease can be the development of osteosarcoma.

• True

• Flase

True

An asymptomatic radiolucency at the border of the mandible below the level of the inferior alveolar canal is most likely to represent:

Stafne defect

Osteoma

• Simple bone cyst

Paget's diseae

Stafne defect

A 7-year-old boy presents with painless enlargement of both sides of his face. A panoramic film indicates the presence of multilocular radiolucencies in the posterior right and left mandible. The most likely diagnosis is:

cherubism

traumatic bone cyst

Paget's disease of bone

Gardner syndrome

Periapical cemental dysplasia

cherubism

A young patient presents with a well-defined radiolucency that scallops between tooth roots of the posterior mandible apical to teeth #29 - 31. Upon biopsy, the surgeon finds and empty bone cavity. What is the most likely diagnosis?

• Osteoma

Cemento-osseous dysplasia

Fibrous dysplasia

Lateral periodontal cyst

Traumatic bone cyst

Traumatic bone cyst

A patient born without clavicles is likely to have cherubism

True

False

False

In oral cavity, the most common site for salivary gland neoplasms is

• Palate

• Upper lip

• Lower lip

• Buccal mucosa

• Palate

Muccoceles:

• Most commonly arise on the upper labial mucosa

• Frequently present as recurring soft tissue swelling

• Represent a benign salivary gland neoplasm

• Are best treated by incision and drainage

• All of the above

• Frequently present as recurring soft tissue swelling

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common malignant salivary gland tumor.

True

False

True

Your patient presents with teeth that clinically appear normal, however, radiographic examination reveals large pulp chambers with a "thistle tube" appearance and multiple pulp stones. What is the most likely diagnosis?

amelogenesis imperfecta

dentinogenesis imperfecta

dentin dysplasia

enamel hypoplasia

concrescence

dentin dysplasia

A patient with multiple congenitally missing teeth, conical-shaped teeth and fine, sparse hair may have which of the following disorders?

Cherubism

Cleidocranial dysplasia

Paget's disease

Gardner's syndrome

Ectodermal dysplasia

Ectodermal dysplasia

Which of the following is NOT associated with Sjogren's syndrome?

xerostomia (dry mouth)

xerophthalmia (dry eyes)

dental caries

oral candidal infection

none of the above (ie - all are associated)

none of the above (ie - all are associated)

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding sialolithiasis?

most commonly involve submandibular gland

this process is limited to major salivary glands

may result in clinical swelling of the associated gland due to ductal obstruction will appear radiopaque on a radiograph

• none of the above (le - all statements are correct)

This process is limited to major salivary glands

Dens invaginatus most commonly affects:

• maxillary lateral incisors

• mandibular lateral incisors

• mandibular premolars

• mandibular molars

• maxillary molars

maxillary lateral incisors

Which of the following presents as a hard tissue "bump" that may be detected in the furcation of a molar during periodontal probing and could be mistaken for calculus?

odontogenic fibroma

dilaceration

enamel pearl

lateral periodontal cyst

dens invaginatus

enamel pearl

Your patient presents with this scaly plaque and ulceration of his lower lip. What do you suspect?

• Actinic Cheilitis |

Actinic Keratosis |

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Basal Cell Carcinoma

• Actinic Cheilitis |

Which of the following is NOT a common feature of melanoma?

color variegation

diameter larger than 6 mm

irregular borders

symmetry

none of the above ie - all features are common)

symmetry

An elderly female presents with a cluster of three non-tender soft yellowish umbilicated papules above the right eyebrow of unknown duration. Each lesion measure 2-3 mm in diameter. Which of the following would be the most likely diagnostic consideration?

Seborrheic keratosis

Actinic keratosis

Sebaceous hyperplasia

Herpes zoster

Dermatosis papulosa nigra

Sebaceous hyperplasia

Name the common lesions seen in the image above

freckles

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the acquired melanocytic nevus?

common lesion that may develop from the first year of life through fourth decade

• risk for malignant transformation is relatively small

• No treatment is absolutely necessary

• color variegation within a lesion is a common finding

• often involute with aging

color variegation within a lesion is a common finding

Which of the following is a premalignant sun-induced lesion of skin that if left untreated may develop into squamous cell carcinoma?

actinic lentigo

actinic keratosis

seborrheic keratosis

sebaceous hyperplasia

actinic keratosis

Which of the following statements would NOT be accurate for seborrheic keratosis?

typically develops after age 40

benign process

presents on sun exposed skin

slightly raised pigmented plaque with crisp borders

Excisional is biopsy is required

Excisional is biopsy is required

Basal cell Carcrinoma most commonly occurs in the middle 1/3 of the face

True

False

True

Actinic lentigines are pigmented skin lesions that occur in older patients and tend to wax and wane with sun exposure.

• True

• False

False

What does the B in the ABCDE mnemonic stand for?

Borders

HINT:

• A – Asymmetry

• B –

• C – Color variation

• D – Diameter (typically greater than 6 mm)

• E – Evolution (changes in size, shape, or color)