life of rizal

Doctor

[MEANINGS OF NAME] completed his medical course in Spain and was conferred the degree of Licentiate in Medicine by the Universidad Central de Madrid

Jose

[MEANINGS OF NAME] was chosen by his mother who was a devotee of the Christian saint San Jose (St. Joseph)

Protacio

[MEANINGS OF NAME] from Gervacio P. which come from a Christian calendar

Mercado

[MEANINGS OF NAME] adopted in 1731 by Domigo Lamco (the paternal great-great-grandfather of Jose Rizal) which the Spanish term mercado means 'market' in English

Rizal

[MEANINGS OF NAME] from the word 'Ricial' in Spanish means a field where wheat, cut while still green, sprouts again

Alonzo

[MEANINGS OF NAME] old surname of his mother

Y

[MEANINGS OF NAME] and

Realonda

[MEANINGS OF NAME] it was used by Doña Teodora from the surname of her godmother based on the culture by that time

June 19, 1861

moonlit of Wednesday between eleven and midnight Jose Rizal was born in the lakeshore town of Calamba, Laguna

June 22, 1861

aged three days old, Rizal was baptized in the Catholic church

Father Rufino Collantes

a Batangueño, the parish priest who baptized Rizal

Father Pedro Casanas

Rizal's godfather, native of Calamba and close friend of the Rizal family

Lieutenant-General Jose Lemery

the governor general of the Philippines when Rizal was born

Don Francisco Mercado (1818-1898)

[RIZAL'S PARENTS] born in Biñan, Laguna on May 11, 1818 studied Latin and Philosophy at the College of San Jose in Manila became a tenant-farmer of the Dominican-owned hacienda a hardy and independent-minded man, who talked less and worked more, and was strong in body and valiant in spirit died in Manila on January 5, 1898 at the age of 80 Rizal affectionately called him "a model of fathers"

Doña Teodora Alonso Realonda (1826-1911)

[RIZAL'S PARENTS] born in Manila on November 8, 1826 educated at the College of Santa Rosa, a well-known college for girls in the city a remarkable woman, possessing refined culture, literary talent, business ability, and the fortitude of Spartan women is a woman of more than ordinary culture: she knows literature and speaks Spanish (according to Rizal) died in Manila on August 16, 1911 at the age of 85

Saturnina (1850-1913)

[THE RIZAL CHILDREN] oldest of the Rizal children nicknamed Neneng married Manuel T. Hidalgo of Tanawan, Batangas

Paciano (1851-1930)

[THE RIZAL CHILDREN] older brother and confident of Jose Rizal was a second father to Rizal immortalized him in Rizal's first novel Noli Me Tangere as the wise Pilosopo Tasio Rizal regarded him as the "most noble of Filipinos" became a combat general in the Philippine Revolution died on April 13, 1930, an old bachelor aged 79 had two children by his mistress (Severina Decena)-a boy and a girl

Narcisa (1852-1939)

[THE RIZAL CHILDREN] her pet name was Sisa married to Antonio Lopez (nephew of Father Leoncio Lopez), a school teacher of Morong

Olimpia (1855-1887)

[THE RIZAL CHILDREN] Ypia was her pet name married Silvestre Ubaldo, a telegraph operator from Manila

Lucia (1857-1919)

[THE RIZAL CHILDREN] married to Mariano Herbosa of Calamba, who was a nephew of Father Casanas Herbosa died of cholera in 1889 and was denied Christian burial because he was a brother-in-law of Dr. Rizal

Maria (1859-1945)

[THE RIZAL CHILDREN] Biang was her nickname married Daniel Faustino Cruz of Biñan, Laguna

Jose (1861-1896)

[THE RIZAL CHILDREN] the greatest Filipino hero and peerless genius nickname was Pepe lived with Josephine Bracken, Irish girl from Hong Kong had a son but this baby-boy died a few hours after birth

Concepcion (1862-1865)

[THE RIZAL CHILDREN] her pet name was Concha died of sickness at the age of 3 her death was Rizal's first sorrow in life

Josefa (1865-1945)

[THE RIZAL CHILDREN] her pet name was Panggoy died an old maid at the age of 80

Trinidad (1868-1951)

[THE RIZAL CHILDREN] Trining was her pet name she died also an old maid in 1951 aged 83

Soledad (1870-1929)

[THE RIZAL CHILDREN] youngest of the Rizal children her pet name was Choleng married Pantaleon Quintero of Calamba

Domingo Lamco

[RIZAL'S ANCESTRY - FATHER'S SIDE] a Chinese immigrant from the Fukien city arrived in Manila about 1690

Ines de la Rosa

[RIZAL'S ANCESTRY - FATHER'S SIDE] Well-to-do Chinese Christian girl of Changchow

Juan Mercado

[RIZAL'S ANCESTRY - FATHER'S SIDE] Rizal's grandfather

Lakandula

[RIZAL'S ANCESTRY - MOTHER'S SIDE] The last native king of Tondo

Eugenio Ursua

[RIZAL'S ANCESTRY - MOTHER'S SIDE] Rizal's maternal Great-great Grandfather of Japanese Ancestry

Benigma

[RIZAL'S ANCESTRY - MOTHER'S SIDE] a Filipina

Manuel de Quintos

[RIZAL'S ANCESTRY - MOTHER'S SIDE] a Filipino from Pangasinan

Lorenzo Alberto Alonso

[RIZAL'S ANCESTRY - MOTHER'S SIDE] a prominent Spanish Filipino mestizo of Biñan

Un Recuerdo A Mi Pueblo (In Memory of My Town)

[CHILDHOOD YEARS IN CALAMBA] a poem about Rizal's beloved town written by Rizal in 1876 when he was 15 years old and was student in the Ateneo de Manila

Story of the Moth

[CHILDHOOD YEARS IN CALAMBA] made the profoundest impression on Rizal "died a martyr to its illusions"

Sa Aking Mga Kabata (To My Fellow Children)

[CHILDHOOD YEARS IN CALAMBA] Rizal's first poem in native language at the age of eight reveals Rizal's earliest nationalist sentiment

Tio Jose Alberto

[INFLUENCES ON THE HERO'S BOYHOOD] studied for eleven years in British school in Calcutta, India and had traveled in Europe inspired Rizal to develop his artistic ability

Tio Manuel

[INFLUENCES ON THE HERO'S BOYHOOD] a husky and athletic man, encouraged Rizal to develop his frail body by means of physical exercises

Tio Gregorio

[INFLUENCES ON THE HERO'S BOYHOOD] a book lover, intensified Rizal's voracious reading of good book

Father Leoncio Lopez

[INFLUENCES ON THE HERO'S BOYHOOD] the old and learned parish priest of Calamba, fostered Rizal's love for scholarship and intellectual honesty

Maestro Celestino

[EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA AND BIÑAN] Rizal's first private tutor

Maestro Lucas Padua

[EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA AND BIÑAN] Rizal's second tutor

Leon Monroy

[EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA AND BIÑAN] a former classmate of Rizal's father became Rizal's tutor that instructed Jose in Spanish and Latin. He died five months later

Sunday afternoon in June, 1869

[EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA AND BIÑAN] Rizal left Calamba for Biñan accompanied by Paciano

Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz

[EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA AND BIÑAN] Rizal's teacher in a private school in Biñan Rizal described his teacher as follows: He was thin, long-necked, with a sharp nose and a body slightly bent forward

Pedro

[EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA AND BIÑAN] the teacher's son which Rizal challenged to a fight

Andres Salandanan

[EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA AND BIÑAN] challenged Rizal to an arm-wrestling match

Juancho

[EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA AND BIÑAN] an old painter who was the father-in-law of the school teacher

Jose Guevara

[EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA AND BIÑAN] Rizal's classmate who also loved painting, became apprentices of the old painter

"the favorite painters of the class"

[EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA AND BIÑAN] because of his artistic talent

Christmas in 1870

[EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA AND BIÑAN] Rizal received a letter from his sister Saturnina, informing him of the arrival of the steamer Talim which would take him from Biñan to Calamba

Saturday afternoon, December 17, 1870

[EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA AND BIÑAN] Rizal left Biñan after one year and a half of schooling

Arturo Camps

[EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA AND BIÑAN] a Frenchman friend of Rizal's father who took care of him on board

Night of January 20, 1872

[MARTYRDOM OF GOM-BUR-ZA] about 200 Filipino soldiers and workmen of the Cavite arsenal under the leadership of Lamadrid, Filipino sergeant, rose in violent mutiny because of the abolition of their usual privileges

Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos and Jacinto Zamora

[MARTYRDOM OF GOM-BUR-ZA] were executed at sunrise of February 17, 1872, by order of Governor General Izquierdo

Before June, 1872

[INJUSTICE TO HERO'S MOTHER] Doña Teodora was suddenly arrested on a malicious charge that she and her brother, Jose Alberto, tried to poison the latter's perfidious wife

Antonio Vivencio del Rosario

[INJUSTICE TO HERO'S MOTHER] Calamba's gobernadorcillo, help arrest Doña Teodora

Messrs. Francisco de Marcaida and Manuel Marzan

[INJUSTICE TO HERO'S MOTHER] the most famous lawyers of Manila that defend Doña Teodora

Ateneo Municipal

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877)] a college under the supervision of the Spanish Jesuits

Escuela Pia (Charity School)

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877)] formerly name of Ateneo, a school for poor boys in Manila which was established by the city government in 1817

June 10, 1872

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877)] Rizal accompanied by Paciano went to Manila

Father Magin Ferrando

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877)] was the college registrar, refused to admit Rizal in Ateneo for two reasons: (1) he was late for registration (2) he was sickly and undersized for his age

Manuel Xerez Burgos

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877)] because of his intercession, nephew of Father Burgos, Rizal was reluctantly admitted at the Ateneo

Roman Empire

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - JESUIT SYSTEM OF EDUCATION] consisting of internos (boarders)

Carthaginian Empire

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - JESUIT SYSTEM OF EDUCATION] composed of the externos (non-boarders)

Emperor

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - JESUIT SYSTEM OF EDUCATION] the best student in each "empire"

Tribune

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - JESUIT SYSTEM OF EDUCATION] the second best

Decurion

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - JESUIT SYSTEM OF EDUCATION] the third best

Centurion

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - JESUIT SYSTEM OF EDUCATION] the fourth best

Stand-bearer

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - JESUIT SYSTEM OF EDUCATION] the fifth best

Father Jose Bech

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - FIRST YEAR IN ATENEO (1872-1873)] Rizal's first professor in Ateneo whom he described as a "tall thin man, with a body slightly bent forward, a harried walk, an ascetic face, severe and inspired, small deep-sunken eyes, a sharp nose that was almost Greek, and thin lips forming an arc whose ends fell toward the chin

A Religious picture

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - FIRST YEAR IN ATENEO (1872-1873)] Rizal's first prize for being the brightest pupil in the whole class

The Count of Monte Cristo by Alexander Dumas

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - SECOND YEAR IN ATENEO (1873-1874)] the first favorite novel of Rizal which made a deep impression on him

Universal History by Cesar Cantu

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - SECOND YEAR IN ATENEO (1873-1874)] Rizal persuaded his father to buy him this set of historical work that was a great aid in his studies

Dr. Feodor Jagor

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - SECOND YEAR IN ATENEO (1873-1874)] a German scientist-traveler who visited the Philippines in 1859-1860 who wrote Travels in the Philippines Rizal was impressed in this book because of (1) Jagor's keen observations of the defects of Spanish colonization (2) his prophecy that someday Spain would lose the Philippines and that America would come to succeed her as colonizer

June 16, 1875

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - FOURTH YEAR IN ATENEO] Rizal became an interno in the Ateneo

Padre Francisco de Paula Sanchez

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - FOURTH YEAR IN ATENEO] a great educator and scholar, one of Rizal's professors who inspired him to study harder and to write poetry Rizal described this Jesuiot professor as "model of uprightness, earnestness, and love for the advancement of his pupils"

March 23, 1877

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - LAST YEAR IN ATENEO (1876-1877)] Commencement Day, Rizal, who was 16 years old, received from his Alma Mater, Ateneo Municipal, the degree of Bachelor of Arts, with highest honors

Marian Congregation

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - LAST YEAR IN ATENEO (1876-1877)] a religious society wherein Rizal was an active member and later became the secretary

Father Jose Vilaclara

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - LAST YEAR IN ATENEO (1876-1877)] advised Rizal to stop communing with the Muse and pay more attention to more practical studies

Father Lleonart

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - LAST YEAR IN ATENEO (1876-1877)] impressed by Rizal's sculptural talent, requested him to carve for him an image of Sacred Heart of Jesus

Felix M. Roxas

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - ANECDOTES ON RIZAL, THE ATENEAN] one of Rizal's contemporaries in the Ateneo, related an incident of Rizal's schooldays in Ateneo which reveals hero's resignation to pain and forgiveness. "Neither bitterness nor rancor towards the guilty party"

Manuel Xerez Burgos

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - ANECDOTES ON RIZAL, THE ATENEAN] This anecdotes illustrates Rizal's predilection to help the helpless at the risk of his own life

Mi Primera Inspiracion (My First Inspiration), 1874

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - POEMS WRITTEN IN ATENEO] the first poem Rizal probably wrote during his days in Ateneo which was dedicated to his mother on her birthday

Al Niño Jesus (To the Child Jesus)

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - POEMS WRITTEN IN ATENEO] this poem was written in 1875 when Rizal was 14 years old

A La Virgen Maria (To the Virgin Mary)

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - POEMS WRITTEN IN ATENEO] another religious poem which doesn't have exact date when it was written

San Eustacio, Martir (St. Eustace, the Martyr)

[SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA (1872-1877) - POEMS WRITTEN IN ATENEO] a drama based on the prose story of St. Eustace which he wrote in poetic verses during the summer vacation of 1876 and finished it on June 2, 1876

April 1877

[MEDICAL STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS (1877-1882)] Rizal who was then nearly 16 years old, matriculated in the University of Santo Tomas, taking the course on Philosophy and Letters because (1) his father like it (2) he was "still uncertain as to what career to pursue"

Father Pablo Ramon

[MEDICAL STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS (1877-1882)] Rector of Ateneo, who had been good to him during his student days in that college, asking for advice on the choice of a career but unfortunately he was in Mindanao

November 25, 1881

[MEDICAL STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS (1877-1882)] the title was issued to Rizal for passing the final examination in the surveying course

Liceo Artistico-Literario (Artistic-Literary Lyceum) of Manila

[MEDICAL STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS (1877-1882)] a society of literary men and artists, held a literary contest in the year 1879

A La Juventud Filipina (To the Filipino Youth)

[MEDICAL STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS (1877-1882)] Rizal, who was then 18 years old, submitted this poem is an inspiring poem of flawless form. Rizal beseeched the Filipino youth to rise from lethargy, to let genius fly swifter than the wind and descend with art and science to break the chains that have long bound the spirit of the people this winning poem of Rizal is a classic in Philippine literature for two reasons: (1) it was the great poem in Spanish written by a Filipino, whose merit was recognized by Spanish literary authorities (2) it expressed for the first time the nationalistic concept that the Filipinos, and not the foreigners, were the "fair hope of the Fatherland"

El Consejo de los Dioses (The Councils of the Gods)

[MEDICAL STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS (1877-1882)] an allegorical drama written by Rizal which he entered in the literary contest of Artistic-Literary Lyceum in 1880 to commemorate the fourth centennial of the death of Cervantes was a literary masterpiece based on the Greek classics

D.N. del Puzo

[MEDICAL STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS (1877-1882)] a Spanish writer, who won the second prize

Junto al Pasig (Beside the Pasig)

[MEDICAL STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS (1877-1882)] a zarzuela which was staged by the Ateneans on December 8, 1880, on the occasion of the annual celebration of the Feats Day of the Immaculate Conception, Patroness of the Ateneo

A Filipinas

[MEDICAL STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS (1877-1882)] a sonnet written by Rizal for the album of the Society of Sculptors

Abd-el-Azis y Mahoma

[MEDICAL STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS (1877-1882)] Rizal composed a poem in 1879 which was declaimed by an Atenean, Manuel Fernandez, on the night of December 8, 1879, in honor of the Ateneo's Patroness

AI M.R.P. Pablo Ramon

[MEDICAL STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS (1877-1882)] Rizal composed a poem in 1881, as an expression of affection to Father Pablo Ramon, the Ateneo rector, who had been so kind and helpful to him

Vicenta Ybardolaza

[MEDICAL STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS (1877-1882)] a pretty girl colegiala who skillfully played the harp at the Regalado home, whom Rizal was infatuated in Pakil