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Procedural Knowledge
Knowledge of 'how' to perform a task, skill, or process step-by-step.
Conditional Knowledge
Knowledge of 'when' and 'why' to use specific declarative or procedural knowledge.
Declarative Knowledge
Knowledge of facts, concepts, or 'what' something is.
7 Components of an EI Lesson Plan
Background, Opening, Modeling, Guided Practice (TAR), Check, Independent Practice, Closing.
Guided Practice Rule (TAR)
Tell, Ask, and Remind applied across three separate, individual problems.
Crucial Rule for TAR
TAR is applied across three separate, individual problems - not all three within a single problem
Available Time
Total time available for all school activities in a school day/year.
Allocated Time
The amount of time a teacher schedules or designates for a specific subject or academic activity.
Engaged Time / Time on Task
The portion of allocated time in which students are actively paying attention and participating in learning activities.
Academic Learning Time (ALT)
The amount of time students are successfully engaged in academic tasks at an appropriate level of difficulty.
Components of the Opening
Attention Cue, Behavior Expectations, Review Previous Lesson, Anticipatory Set, Daily Instructional Objective, Rationale, Prerequisite Knowledge.
7 Required PLAAFP Aspects
Name & Disability, 2. Assessment(s) Used, 3. Date, 4. CAN Do, 5. CANNOT Do, 6. Core Standard/EE, 7. Impact Statement.
5-Part Structure of IEP Goals
Condition, Audience, Behavior, Criteria, Timeframe.
Condition (for IEP)
What materials prompts or context the student is presented with
Audience (for IEP)
The specific student
Behavior (for IEP)
The specific, observable action the student will perform
Criteria (for IEP)
Accuracy percentage and number of trails/consecutive opportunities
Time Frame (for IEP)
IEP goal: within a year / by annual date; Unit Objective: By the end of the unit; Daily instructional objective: by the end of the lesson / day
Rationale
explains why the students are learning the skill, why it is important for them, why class time is being spent on it, and when else the skill applies in real life
Task analysis
Written step-by-step instructions explaining the exact process a student will use to solve each problem
OTR Target Rates
General Ed: 3-5 per minute; Special Ed: 4-6 per minute.
Six effective instructional principles
optimize engaged time (time on task), Promote high levels of success, increase content coverage, have students spend more time in instructional groups, scaffold instruction, address different forms of knowledge
Three Types of Errors
Factual Error, Procedural Error, Inattentive Response.
Specific Praise
Praise that names the exact behavior (e.g., 'Great job lining up the ones column').
independent instruction
essay, worksheet, research projects ECT