Chem Unit 3 Radioactive Decay and Half life

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Radioactive Decay

Spontaneous disintegration of a nucleus into a slightly lighter nucleolus (emission of particles) to become a more stable neucleus

Nucleons

Particles in the Nucleus (Protons and Neutrons)

Alpha decay

emits an alpha particle (a/z(Element) →4/2He + a-4/z-2(2 elements behind the original)

Beta decay

emits an electron (a/z(Element) →0/-1B + a/z+1(1 element in front of the original)

Positron Emission

emits a positron (a/z(Element) →0/+1B + a/z-1(1 element behind the original)

Electron Capture

absorbs an electron (a/z(Element) →0/-1e + a/z-1(1 element behind the original)

Gamma Decay

emits a positron (a/z(Element) →0/0Y + a/z(original element) (= light is emitted)

Spontaneous Fission

random particles split up (a/z(Element) →(random element + random element) (must add up to original element)

Neutron Decay

emits a neutron (a/z(Element) →+1/0n + a-1/z(original element)

Proton Decay

emits a proton (a/z(Element) →+1/+1P + a-1/z-1(1 element behind the original)

Cluster Decay

Multiple decays that occur at the same time

Emits

take away…

Half life formula

A = Ao(½)^t/h

A in Half life formula

Amount of substance remaining after a certain amount of Half-Lives are experienced

Ao in Half life formula

Amount of substance that was present to start with.

t in Half life formula

time elapsed

H in Half life formula

Half-Life of the substance