Lab 2: Heart

Pericardium

1. Fibrous pericardium

2. Serous pericardium parietal layer

3. Serous pericardium visceral layer(epicardium) —> covers the heart

Relative chambers location in thorax

1. right most: right atrium

2. left most: left ventricle

3. anterior: right ventricle

4. posterior: left atrium

External chambers

1. coronary sulcus: separates atria from ventricles

2. anterior interventricular sulcus

3. posterior interventricular sulcus

Internal chambers

1. Interatrial septum

2. Interventricular septum

Vessels associated with the heart

1. Right atrium: superior and inferior vena cava

2. Right ventricle: pulmonary trunk

3. Left atrium: aorta

4. Left ventricle: pulmonary veins

Right coronary artery

Arises from right aortic sinus and gives rise to

1. Sinoatrial nodal artery

2. Posterior interventricular artery

3. Atrioventricular node artery

4. Marginal artery

Left coronary artery

Arises from left aortic sinus and gives rise to

1. Anterior interventricular artery

2. Circumflex artery

coronary sinus

large channel where all major veins drain into

blood flow

right side

1. deoxygenated blood

1. superior and inferior vena cava

2. right atrium

3. Tricuspid valve

4. right ventricle

5. Pulmonary valve

6. Pulmonary arteries

7. Lungs

Left side

8. Pulmonary veins

9. Left atrium

10. Mitral valve (bicuspid)

11. Left ventricle

12. Aortic valve

13. Arota

Right atrium

Drains deoxygenated blood

Superior, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus

Tricuspid valve: atrioventricular valve

Left atrium

Drains oxygenated blood

Esophagus behind atrium

Mitral valve (bicuspid): separates left atrium and left ventricle

Papilllary muscles (right ventricle)

arises from ventricular wall

attached to leaflets of tricuspid valve via chordae tendinae (anchors cusps of tricuspid valves)

Pulmonary valve (right ventricle)

3 semilunar cusps

Between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk

Papillary muscles (left ventricle)

arises from the ventricular wall

attaches to leaves of mitral valve via chordae tendinae (anchors cusps of mitral valve)

Aortic valve (left ventricle)

3 semilunar cusps

between the left ventricle and the ascending aorta

Sinoatrial node (SA)

natural pacemaker in wall of right atrium

receives sympathetic and parasympathetic innveration from cardial plexus

sympathetic: increases heart rate, more force of contraction

parasympathetic: decreases heart rate, less force of contraction

Atrioventricular (AV) nodes

located in the interatrial septum

Order of conduction

1. SA node

2. AV node

3. Bundle of his

4. Purkinje fibers