Barayti ng Wika at Code-Switching

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering language varieties (Barayti ng Wika), their dimensions, types, factors of register, and code-switching based on the lecture notes.

Barayti ng Wika

The different forms or varieties of language that arise due to factors such as place of origin, social group, education level, community, style, tone, and manner of speaking.

Heterogeneous Language

The property of language being non-uniform because individual ways of speaking and using it differ based on location, job, age, lifestyle, and other factors.

Dr. Pamela C. Constantino (2002)

The scholar who identified two main dimensions causing language varieties: the geographical dimension (dimensyong heograpiko) and the social dimension (dimensyong sosyal).

Dimensyong Heograpiko

A dimension of language variety formed based on a person's place of origin.

Dimensyong Sosyal

A dimension of language variety based on an individual's status or position in society.

Idyolek

A language variety referring to an individual's personal and unique way or style of speaking that serves as a symbol or mark of their identity.

Diyalek

A language variety used by a group from a particular province, region, or town, characterized by differences in accent/tone, spelling, and sentence structure.

Sosyolek

A language variety based on social dimensions, including status, social class, beliefs, gender, age, and background.

Rehistro

A language variety where the meaning of words changes depending on the specific field, topic, listener, purpose, or situation.

Pormal na Rehistro

A type of language register used in serious, official, or academic situations.

Hindi Pormal na Rehistro

A type of language register used in everyday conversations or with friends and family.

Field (Larangan)

A factor of register referring to the specific topic or industry being discussed, such as Medicine, Law, Sports, Media, or Education.

Tenor (Kausap)

A factor of register referring to the relationship between speakers, which dictates the level of formality.

Mode (Paraan)

A factor of register referring to how communication is carried out, such as spoken, written, or through text/online chat.

Ekolek

A language variety consisting of words commonly used inside the home and familiar to family members.

Etnolek

A language variety originating from ethnolinguistic groups or indigenous tribes in the Philippines.

Pidgin

A temporary language without formal structure created when two people with different languages communicate; referred to as 'nobody's native language.'

Creole

A pidgin that has developed into a native or first language for subsequent generations in a community, acquiring formal grammar.

Chavacano

An example of a Creole language formed by combining Spanish and indigenous languages in Zamboanga.

Code-Switching

The practice of alternating or mixing two or more languages within and outside a statement.

Intersentential Code-Switching

A type of code-switching where the change of language occurs between sentences, completing one full sentence before switching to another language.

Bishop (2006) / Garcia (2020)

Literature citing reasons for code-switching, such as bilingual competence, clearer communication, establishing closeness with the listener, and bridging vocabulary gaps.