8th Grade Unit 2 Energy Vocabulary

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Last updated 3:34 PM on 10/14/26
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34 Terms

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Energy

The ability to do work or cause change

<p>The ability to do work or cause change</p>
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kinetic energy

the energy an object has due to its motion

<p>the energy an object has due to its motion</p>
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potential energy

stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object

<p>stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object</p>
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gravitational potential energy

Energy stored by objects due to their position above Earth's surface.

<p>Energy stored by objects due to their position above Earth's surface.</p>
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energy transformation

a change of energy from one form to another

<p>a change of energy from one form to another</p>
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Mass

The amount of matter that makes up an object

<p>The amount of matter that makes up an object</p>
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Speed

The rate at which an object moves along a path

<p>The rate at which an object moves along a path</p>
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mechanical energy

the energy an object has due to its motion

<p>the energy an object has due to its motion</p>
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Radiant Energy-Light Energy

Electromagnetic energy of visible light

<p>Electromagnetic energy of visible light</p>
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sound energy

Energy vibrating waves

<p>Energy vibrating waves</p>
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chemical energy

Energy stored in chemical bonds between atoms. (food, fuel, fire, batteries)

<p>Energy stored in chemical bonds between atoms. (food, fuel, fire, batteries)</p>
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Heat (thermal energy)

All of the kinetic energy from the MOTION of an object. (The transfer of heat from one object to another.)

<p>All of the kinetic energy from the MOTION of an object. (The transfer of heat from one object to another.)</p>
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electrical energy

Energy from flowing (moving) electrons.

<p>Energy from flowing (moving) electrons.</p>
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nuclear energy

Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom

<p>Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom</p>
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Law of Conservation of Energy

energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be changed from one form to another

<p>energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be changed from one form to another</p>
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Temperature

The intensity of heat an object has

<p>The intensity of heat an object has</p>
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heat

All of the kinetic energy from the MOTION of an object (transfer of heat from one object to another)

<p>All of the kinetic energy from the MOTION of an object (transfer of heat from one object to another)</p>
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heat transfer

the movement of heat from a warmer object to a cooler object

<p>the movement of heat from a warmer object to a cooler object</p>
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Conduction

Heat transferred directly through touch

<p>Heat transferred directly through touch</p>
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Convection

The transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid (a liquid or a gas)

<p>The transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid (a liquid or a gas)</p>
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Radiation

Heat transferred through electromagnetic waves

<p>Heat transferred through electromagnetic waves</p>
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Friction

the action of one surface or object RUBBING against another. (restricts the movement of an object)

<p>the action of one surface or object RUBBING against another. (restricts the movement of an object)</p>
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work

When a force is acted on an object that causes it to move

<p>When a force is acted on an object that causes it to move</p>
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Solid

Matter that has a definite shape and volume. Particles are tightly packed.

<p>Matter that has a definite shape and volume. Particles are tightly packed.</p>
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liquid

Matter that has an indefinite shape and close flowing particles

<p>Matter that has an indefinite shape and close flowing particles</p>
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Gas

Matter that has an indefinite shape and particles that are spread far apart

<p>Matter that has an indefinite shape and particles that are spread far apart</p>
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Plasma

super heated and electrically charged gas such as lightning

<p>super heated and electrically charged gas such as lightning</p>
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weight

The force that an object is attracted to earth

Weight= mass x gravity

<p>The force that an object is attracted to earth</p><p>Weight= mass x gravity</p>
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velocity

how fast an object is going and in what direction (ex. 30 mph northwest)

<p>how fast an object is going and in what direction (ex. 30 mph northwest)</p>
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Newton's 1st Law

An object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion

UNLESS

acted upon by an outside force

<p>An object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion </p><p>UNLESS</p><p>acted upon by an outside force</p>
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Inertia

The tendency of an object to remain unchanged (it will always remain at rest--or always keep moving)

<p>The tendency of an object to remain unchanged (it will always remain at rest--or always keep moving)</p>
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Newton's 2nd Law

The effect that force and mass have on the acceleration of an object

Force= mass x acceleration

<p>The effect that force and mass have on the acceleration of an object</p><p>Force= mass x acceleration</p>
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Newton's 3rd Law

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

<p>For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction</p>
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Magnitude

The direction and distance an object travels

<p>The direction and distance an object travels</p>