medical terminology ch.2

material of the cell located outside the nucleus and yet enclosed by the cell membrane.

Cytoplasm

regions of DNA within each chromosome.

Genes

small sausage-shaped structures within which food is "burned" to release energy.

Mitochondria

canal-like structure in the cytoplasm; the site of protein synthesis.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

structure that surrounds and protects the call.

Cell Membrane

control center of the call, containing chromosomes.

Nucleus

chemical found within each chromosome.

DNA

rod-shaped structures in the nucleus that contain regions called genes.

Chromosomes

a picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell is an (an).

Karyotype

the number of chromosomes in a normal male's muscle cell is

46(23 pairs)

the number of chromosomes in a female's egg cell is

23

the process of building up proteins in a cell is

Anabolism

the process of chemically burning or breaking down foods to release energy in cell is

Catabolism

the total of the chemical processes in a cell is

metabolism

a scientist who studies tissues is a (an).

histologist

the medical term for internal organs is

viscera

voice box

Larynx

membrane surrounding the lungs

Pleura

throat

Pharynx

Tube from the kidney to the urinary bladder

Ureter

collection of fat cells

Adipose tissue

endocrine organ locate at the base of the brain.

pituitary gland

windpipe

trachea

flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints

Cartilage

surface cell covering the outside of the body and lining internal organs

epithelial tissue

endocrine gland surrounding the windpipe in the neck

thyroid gland

womb

uterus

tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.

urethra

cavity surrounded by the skull

cranial

cavity in the chest surrounded the ribs

thoracic

cavity below the chest containing the stomach, liver, and gallbladder

abdominal

cavity surrounded by the hip bones

pelvic

cavity surrounded by the bones of the back.

spinal

area below the umbilicus (as well as below the stomach)

Hypogastric region

space between the lungs

Mediastinum

nervous tissue within the spinal cavity

Spinal cords

muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities

diaphragm

pad of cartilage between two adjoining vertebrae

intervertebral disk

space surrounding each lung

pleural cavity

bony tissue surrounding the spinal cavity

spinal column

area near the groin

inguinal regions

membrane surrounding the abdominal organs

peritoneum

area of the navel

umbilical region

area above the stomach

epigastric region

region of the neck

cervical

region of the chest

thoracic

region of the waist

lumbar

region of the sacrum

sacral

region of the tailbone

coccygeal

left lower quadrant (of the abdominopelvic cavity)

LLQ

between the fifth lumbar vertebra and the first scala

L5-S1

right upper quadrant (of the abdominopelivc cavity)

RUQ

between the third and fourth carvical vertebrae

C3-C4

right lower quadrant (abdominopelvic cavity)

RLQ

deep

Superficial

distal

proximal

prone

supine

lateral

medial

ventral (anterior)

dorsal

inferior (caudal)

superior

the kidney lies---------- to the spinal cord. (Hint: to the side of).

Lateral

the-------- end of the thigh bone (femur) joins with the kneecap (patella).

distal

the--------- plane divides the body into an anterior and a posterior portion.

frontal (coronal)

each backbone is a (an)

vertebra

several backbones are

vertebrae

the diaphragm lies------ to the organs in the thoracic cavity.

inferior (caudal)

the---------plane divides the body into right and left halves.

midsagittal

the----- end of the upper arm bone (humerus) is at the shoulder

proximal

the------plane divides the body into upper and lower portions

Transverse (cross-sectional)

the pharynx is located------ to the esophagus.

superior (cephalic)

space below the chest containing the liver, stomach, gallbladder, and intestines

abdomen or abdominal cavity

flexible connective tissue attached to the bones at joints

cartilage

rod-shaped structures in the cell nucleus, containing regions of DNA

chromosomes

muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities

diaphragm

voice box

larynx

pertaining to the neck

cervical

tumor(benign) of cartilage

chondroma

control center of the cell; directs the activities of the cell

nucleus

pertaining to the windpipe

tracheal

pertaining to internal organs

visceral

tumor of flesh tissue (malignant)

sacoma

pertaining to the chest

thoracic

picture of the chromosomes in the cell nucleus

Karyotype

small sausage-shaped structures in which catabolism takes place

mitochondria

endocrine gland at the base of the brain

pituitary gland

pertaining to the skin (surface) cells

epidermal

pertaining to far from the beginning of a structure

distal

on the surface of the body

superficial