Anatomy & Physiology- Skeletal System

6 Functions of the Skeletal System

• Support weight of body

• Protection internal organs

• Movement

• Blood cell formation

• Fat storage

• Mineral Storage

What are the 2 divisions of the skeletal system?

Axial and Appendicular

What is apart of the Axial Skeleton? (3)

Skull, Thoracic Cage, Vertebral column

Thoracic Cage is also known as the…

Rib cage

Thoracic Cage is also known as the…

Rib cage

What is apart of the appendicular skeleton? (4)

Upper limbs, Lower limbs, Pectoral girdle, Pelvic girdle

Upper limbs is also known as the…

Arms

Lower limbs are also known as the…

Legs

Pelvic girdle is also known as…

Hips

Pelvic girdle is also known as…

Hips

What are the 4 types of bone shapes?

Long, short, flat, irregular

Long Bone (2)

Longer than they are wide, often have expanded ends

Long Bones: Examples (3)

Femur, humerus, metacarpals

Short bones (2)

Cube shaped bone, roughly equal width & length

Short bones: EXAMPLE

Carpals in wrists

Sesamoid bone is a type of what bone?

Short bone

Where does sesamoid bone form?

Within dense connective tissue (tendon)

Sesamoid bone: EXAMPLE

Patella in knee

Flat bone

Thin, flat, and slightly curved

Flat bone: EXAMPLE (3)

Sternum, most bones of skull, scapula

Scapula is also known as the…

Shoulder blade

Irregular bone

Unique and complicated shapes

Unique structure =

Unique function

Irregular Bones: EXAMPLE (3)

Vertebrae, hip bones, facial bones

Pectoral Girdle: FUNCTION (2)

Supports upper limb, muscles attach to move upper limbs

Pectoral Girdle consists of… (2)

Clavicles, Scapulas

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Clavicle, 2

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Scapulas, 2

What does the upper limb consist of? (6)

Humerus, radius, ulna, carpal, metacarpal, phalanges

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Humerus, 2

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Radius, 2

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Ulna, 2

Radius connects to the…

THUMB

Ulna connects to the…

Pinky

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Carpals, 16

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Metacarpals, 10

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Phalanges, 28

What are the three parts of the phalanges called?

Proximal, Intermediate, Distal

What type of phalanges is the ORANGE colored one?

Distal

What type of phalanges is the BLUE colored one?

Intermediate

What type of phalanges is the GREEN colored one?

Proximal

Pelvic girdle: FUNCTION (2)

Supports trunk & lower limbs, Distributes weight and protects pelvic cavity

What does the pelvic girdle consist of? (4)

Pelvic bones, ilium, ischium, pubic

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Pelvic bone, 1

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Sacrum,1

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Ilium, 2

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Coccyx, 1

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Pubis, 2

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Ischium, 2

What does the lower limb consist of? (7)

Femurs, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Femur, 2

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Patella, 2

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Tibia, 2

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Fibula, 2

What bone structure is this, how many do you have? (BLUE)

Tarsals, 14

Tarsals are in the…

FEET

Carpals are in the…

HANDS

What bone structure is this, how many do you have? (ORANGE)

Metatarsals, 10

What bone structure is this, how many do you have? (YELLOW)

Phalanges, 28

The thumb & big toe has how many phalanges?

2

The other fingers & toes have how many phalanges?

3

What bone structure is this?

Frontal

What bone structure is this?

Parietal

What bone structure is this?

Temporal

What bone structure is this?

Sphenoid

What bone structure is this?

Lacrimal

What bone structure is this?

Ethmoid

What bone structure is this?

Occipital

What bone structure is this?

Nasal Bone

What bone structure is this?

Mandible

What bone structure is this?

Maxilla

What bone structure is this?

Zygomatic

What bone structure is this?

Vomer

What bone structure is this?

Superior nasal conchae

What bone structure is this?

Inferior nasal conchae

What is the spine made up of? (5)

Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacrum, Coccyx

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Cervical vertebrae, 7

The Cervical Vertebrae are labeled from what to what?

C1-C7

What is the name of the bone C1?

Atlas

What is the name of the bone C2?

Axis

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Thoracic Vertebrae, 12

The Thoracic Vertebrae are labeled from what to what?

T1-T12

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Lumbar Vertebrae, 5

The Lumbar Vertebrae are labeled from what to what?

L1-L5

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Sacrum, 1

What type of cartilage connects the ribs?

Costal Cartilage

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Sternum, 1

What does the sternum protect?

Heart

What are the 3 parts of the sternum?

Mariam, body, xiphoid process

What bone structure is this? (RED)

Manbrium

What bone structure is this? (BLUE)

Body

What bone structure is this? (PURPLE)

Xiphoid process

What bone structure is this?

Thoracic Cage

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

True Ribs, 7

True ribs are connected to the…

Sternum

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

False Ribs, 3

False ribs are connected to the…

Costal cartilage

What bone structure is this, how many do you have?

Floating ribs, 4

What are the 5 major parts of the long bone?

Epiphysis, Diaphysis, Epiphyseal plate, Articular cartilage, metaphysis

What bone structure is this?

Proximal epiphysis