Survey of Visual Arts MIDTERM

Who created this painting?

Cimabue

When was this painting created?

~13th century (1200-1299)

What medium was this painting created with?

tempera on panel

What movement did it belong to? What is the style?

Pre-Renaissance, Byzantine style

Madonna Enthroned by Cimabue can be described as….

Stylized, flat, full of straight lines to separate us from holy figures

Iconography is…

The study of symbols

An altarpiece is…

a painted or carved work of art places behind and above the altar of a church

Who made this painting?

Giotto

What is the name of this painting?

Madonna Enthroned

What century was it created in?

14th century (1300-1399)

What medium was it created with?

tempera on panel

Madonna Enthroned by Giotto can be described as…

Naturalistic, humanizing Mary, and mixing the Byzantine style with new elements

What movement does this belong to?

Pre-Renaissance,

hue modeling is

the technique of using shifts in color gradation to create form volume and depth rather than adding black and white

Who made this painting?

Giotto

What is the name of this painting?

Lamentation

What century does this painting belong to?

14th century (1300-1399)

What medium was this painting made with?

fresco

What movement does it belong to?

Pre-Renaissance (1280-1400)

What years define the Pre-Renaissance?

c. 1280-1400

What years define the Early Renaissance?

c. 1400-1475/95

What four words define the Renaissance?

rebirth, revival, return, rivalry

Who made this artwork?

Pisano

What is the name of this artwork?

Baptism of Christ

What century does this artwork belong to?

14th century (1300-1399)

What medium is this artwork made of?

gilt bronze

What movement does this artwork belong to?

Pre-Renaissance

Who created this artwork?

Ghiberti

What century does this artwork belong to?

15th century (1400-1499)

What medium is this artwork made of?

gilt bronze

What is the name of this artwork?

The Sacrifice of Isaac

How is the Sacrifice of Isaac by Ghiberti described?

Naturalistic, full of depth, full composition, returns to greek bodies, and is the one that won the competition

What movement does this artwork belong to?

Early Renaissance (1400-1475/95)

Who made this artwork?

Brunelleschi

What year did this artwork belong to?

15th century (1400-1499)

What medium is this artwork made of?

gilt bronze

What is the name of this artwork?

The Sacrifice of Isaac

How is The Sacrifice of Isaac by Brunelleschi described?

Somewhat unrealistic (Isaac’s body), flat, expressive, dramatic, stylized

What is renaissance humanism?

Who made this artwork?

Donatello

What is the name of this artwork?

David

What medium is this artwork made of?

bronze

What century does this artwork belong to?

15th century (1400-1499)

What movement does this artwork belong to?

Early Renaissance (1400-1475/95)

What is the discourse behind Donatello’s David?

It’s true intention—it was said to have gay undertones, which has the most damning evidence (hat, wing+thigh), while others say it was simply a different adaptation of David, returning to Greek and Roman statues. Others have him clothed while this David is young and androgynous, not at all muscled.

Who made this artwork?

Masaccio

What is the name of this artwork?

The Holy Trinity with the Virgin, St. John, and Two Donors

What century does this artwork belong to?

15th century (1400-1499)

What medium is this artwork made of?

fresco

Masaccio works, The Holy Trinity, is described as

creating depth and utilizing linear perspective

What movement does this artwork belong to?

Early Renaissance (1400-1475/95)

What is linear perspective?

a method for depicting space, first demonstrated by Brunelleschi around 1413, still used today!!! (also known as one point perspective)

What are orthogonals?

diagonal lines that recede the distance and converge into a vanishing point

What does in situ mean?

translates to “on site/in place”—used when describing, thinking, or looking at a work of art in its original context or location

Linear perspective also…

• Standardized the world

• Gave humans direct control over objects and space

• Made humans the measure of all things

• Made the world controllable (egocentric)

• Ideology of vision

Anachronism means…

going against time/attributing something to a period it doesn’t being in

What years define the High Renaissance?

c. 1475/95-1525 (debatable)

Goals of the High Renaissance are..

• supersede antiquity through innovation

• replicate AND idealize nature

• balance of compositional clarity and emotional power

• artists becoming famous within their lifetimes

• focuses more on composition and emotion unlike Early Renaissance

Major figures in the High Renaissance?

• Leonardo

• Michelangelo

• Raphael

(no donny :()

Leonardo da Vinci can be described as…

a renaissance man — he was an inventor, scientist, painter, and portraitist.

Who made this artwork?

Pisanello

What is the name of this artwork?

Portrait of Ginerva d’Este (?)

What century does this artwork belong to?

15th century (1400-1499)

What medium is this artwork made of?

tempera on panel

What movement does this artwork belong to?

High Renaissance (1475/95-1525)

What is some background about Pisanello’s Portait of Ginerva d’este?

At the time, women in portraits’ side profile were depicted. This stems from misogyny and the belief that if a woman was depicted straight-on, it would in a way give her power and control.

Who made this artwork?

da Vinci

What is the name of this artwork?

Portrait of Ginevra de ‘ Benci

What century does this artwork belong to?

15th century (1400-1499)

What medium is this artwork made of?

oil on panel

Some facts about Da Vinci’s Ginevra de ‘ Benci are…

• Vinci was one of the first artists in Western Europe to depict a woman from a 3/4ths view

• Ginevra was one of the first female published poets

• The juniper behind her head is a play on her name and a symbol of chastity

• ^ iconography

• “in situ” because there is an artwork on the back of the canvas

recto means..

the front of a coin or painting

verso means…

the reverse (back) of a coin or painting

Who was one of the first to use oil as a medium?

Leonardo da Vinci

tempura is…

egg yolk

oil is better than tempura because…

it dries slower and is easier to blend and layer (ex. Cimbue’s work vs Leonardo’s)

chiaroscuro means…

“light and dark”—method of modeling a form primarily through bright light and deep shade

atmospheric perspective is..

the illusion of depth by reducing color to imply depth and atmosphere between the viewer and horizon

Who made this artwork?

da Vinci

What is the name of this artwork?

The Last supper

What movement does this artwork belong to?

High Renaissance (1475/95-1525)

What movement does this artwork belong to?

High Renaissance (1475/95-1525)

The Last Supper by da Vinci utilizes…

linear perspective, chiaroscuro

A fact about the The Last Supper is…

one of Jesus’s hands are up to represent his Godly side, and the other is down to represent his Human side

Who made this artwork?

Michelangelo

What is the name of this artwork?

Pietà

What century does this artwork belong to?

15th century (1400-1499)

What is the medium of this artwork?

marble

What movement does this artwork belong to?

High Renaissance (1475/95-1525)

Who made this artwork?

Michelangelo

What is the name of this artwork?

David

What century does this artwork belong to?

16th century (1500-1599)

What medium is this artwork made of?

marble

What movement does this artwork belong to?

High Renaissance (1475/95-1525)

Who made this artwork?

Michelangelo

What is the name of this artwork?

Moses

What century does this artwork belong to?

16th century (1500-1599)

What movement does this artwork belong to?

High Renaissance (1475/1495-1525)

visual analysis

a detailed description of the visual content of a work of art

historiography

the study of studies (of a single work of art)