Pharm 2 Exam 2 meds (simplified)

Pentobarbital

sedative-hypnotic

- used for false labor or latent labor

promethazine

adjunctive med

- antiemetic/sedative

Hydroxyzine

adjunctive med

- given with opioids

- given during active labor

Fentanyl Citrate

opioid agonist

- pain relief, combined with other medications during active labor

Morphine Sulfate

opioid agonist

- pain relied, combined with other medications during active labor

Nalbuphine

mixed opioid agonist-antagonist

- pain relief with few side effects

Benzocaine Aerosol 20%

topical local anesthetic

- perineal pain and discomfort post-partum

Witch Hazel

topical local anesthetic

- perineal pain, episiotomy, hemorrhoids, perineal wounds

Bupivacaine

local spinal anesthetic

- regional anesthetic given through spinal/epidural

Dinoprostone

prostaglandin

- cervical effacement and dilation for labor induction

Oxytocin

stimulates uterine contractions and stops post labor bleeding

- start low and go up

Methylergonovine (Methergine)

ergot alkaloid

- used to prevent or control postpartum hemorrhage and promote uterine involution by sustained uterine contractions (tetanic contractions)

docusate sodium

stool softener

- for constipation: used by pulling water into stool

Bisacodyl

stimulant laxative

- used for constipation when bowel stimulation is needed

Simethicone

antiflatulent

- used for getting rid of extra gas in stomach post-partum

Rho Immune Globulin

Rogan

- tested for antibodies at 26-28 weeks

- given to moms who are Rh negative who have Rh positive babies

Rubella Vaccine

For congenital rubella syndrome

- transmission can happen through placenta

Naloxone

opioid reversal

- causes withdrawal symptoms

Beractant

surfactant replacement

- prophylaxis and treatment of RDS in infants

Calfactant

surfactant replacement

- prophylaxis and rescue treatment of RDS in infants

Poractant alfa

surfactant replacement

- rescue treatment of RDS in infants

Erythromycin

prophylactic treatment against eye infection and blindness in newborns

- given within the first hour of birth

Hepatitis B vaccine

active immunity against Hep B

- use to prevent transmission and side effects of Hep B

- 3 dose series 1-2 month intervals

Phytonadione

vitamin K

- to prevent vitamin k deficiency bleeding in newborns

Oral CHC

daily pill with estrogen and progestin

- pregnancy prevention, endometriosis, hypermenorrhea, to produce cyclic bleeding

Progestin contraceptives

reduces risk of circulation disorders

- do not contain estrogen

- relative safety

- minipill same time daily

NSAIDs

irregular bleeding

- reduced menstrual bleeding by 25-35% by blocking prostaglandin production

Clomiphene Citrate

second line ovulation induction agent

- for patients attempting to conceive with PCOS

Premarin

used to treat menopausal symptoms

Bisphosphonates

alendronate

- used for osteoporosis in women

Epinephrine

Sympathomimetic

- in anaphylactic shock, increases blood pressure, heart rate, and airflow

- endogenous catecholamines - naturally produced by body

Norepinephrine

sympathomimetic

- endogenous catecholamines - naturally produced by body

Dopamine

enhances renal and mesenteric perfusion through dopaminergic receptors

- endogenous catecholamine - naturally produced by body

Albuterol

beta 2 agonist

- used as a bronchodilator

Dobutamine

synthetic catecholamine

Terbutaline

beta 2 agonist

Clonidine

selective alpha 2 adrenergic agonist

- used to treat hypertension

- avoid if pregnant

Carevedilol

Antihypertensive

Labetalol

emergency drug for hypertensive crisis

- blocks alpha and beta

Propranolol

nonselective beta blocker

- reduces heart rate

Metoprolol Tartrate

Cardio selective Beta-Blocker

- decreases heart rate and blood pressure

- immediate release

Esmolol hydrochloride

beta blocker

Metoclopramide Hydrochloride

direct-acting cholinergic agonist acting on muscarinic receptors

- treats gastroparesis, nausea, GERD

Atropine

increases the heart rate and promotes pupil dilation

- also used to reduce salivation and GI secretions

Dicyclomine Hydrochloride

anticholinergic medication

Hyoscyamine sulfate

anticholinergic medication

Ipratropium Bromide

anticholinergic bronchodilator

- used for COPD and asthma

Aspirin

decreases platelet aggregation

- first line emergency drug used to decrease platelet aggregation in acute coronary syndromes and MI

Nitroglycerine

dilates coronary arteries and improves blood flow to ischemic myocardium

- treats chest pain, MI, and acute cariogenic pulmonary edema

Adenosine

first line drug of choice to treat paroxysmal SVT

Diltiazem

second line agent after adenosine to treat PSVT

- slows ventricular response rate in afib or flutter

Lidocaine

treats significant ventricular dysrhythmias

- alternative to amniodarone

- local anesthetic effect on the heart

Magnesium Sulfate

drug of choice for torsades de pointes

- monitor for toxicity

Sodium Bicarbonate

treats severe metabolic acidosis , acidotic states related to specific drug overdose

- give only after adequate resuscitative efforts fail

Mannitol

osmotic diuretic used in emergency, trauma, critical care, and neurosurgical settings to treat cerebral edema

Flumazenil

reversal agent for benzos

- treats respiratory depression related to overdose of benzos

Diphenhydramine

antihistamine administered with epinephrine to treat anaphylactic shock

(Benadryl)

Dextrose

concentrated, high-carb solution that treats insulin-induced hypoglycemia or shock

- large PIV or central vein is needed

Glucagon

pancreas-produced hormone that elevates blood glucose by stimulating glycogenolysis for severe hypoglycemia or insulin shock

Nitroprusside

immediate direct arterial and venous vasodilator to reduce severe hypertension

- must be protected from light

Furosemide

promotes renal excretion of water, sodium, chloride, magnesium, hydrogen, calcium, potassium

- loop diuretic

Amiodarone

anti-arrhythmic medications

- treats heart rhythms

Procainamide

- antidysrhythmic drug

treats ventricular tachycardia, PVCs, and rapid supra ventricular dysrhythmias unresponsive to adenosine