Chapter 4 - Nutrition Intervention, Monitoring, and Evaluation

medical nutrition therapy definition

nutritional diagnostic, therapy, and counseling services provided by an RDN for the purpose of disease management

evidence based dietetics practices

dietetics practice in which systematically reviewed scientific evidence is used to make food and nutrition practice decisions

prehabilitation definition

the interprofessional support needed prior to surgery or other medical care that will address any factors such as physical therapy or nutrition which will improve the patient status prior to treatment

“regular” or “house” diet

a healthful diet… minimum of three meals a day and will meet a pts predicted nutritional needs

dysphagia

difficulty swallowing

NPO - nothing by mouth

clear liquid diets or full liquid diets… only for short periods of time to limit residue in GI tract

clear liquid diet

intended to supply fluid and energy in a form that requires minimal digestion and simulation of the GI tract

clear fruit juices, sugar, honey, gelatin, melted ice cream, clear broth,

full liquid diet

transition between clear liquids and solid food

fluid at room temp, all clear liquids, cream soups, milk, ice cream, pudding, yogurt

medical foods

food intended for the specific dietary management of a disease for which distinctive nutritional requirements are established

oral nutrition supplements (ONS)

commercial or prepared foods or beverages intended to supplement energy, protein, carbohydrate, fiber, and or fat intake

common nutrition diagnoses for which medical food supplements might be necessary include the following:

• inadequate oral intake

• increase protein needs

• malnutrition

common examples of nutrition diagnoses for which vitamin and mineral supplements might be appropriate include…

• inadequate or excessive vitamin/mineral intake

• food/medication interaction

• food and nutrition related knowledge deficit

bioactive substances definition

food substances added to a food product or taken as supplements that have a specific intended health purpose

examples: plant stanol or sterol esters, soy protein, psyllium, beta-glucan, and pro/prebiotics

common examples of nutrition diagnoses for which nutrition related medication management might be used include the following

• altered GI function

• impaired nutrient utilization

• altered nutrient-related laboratory values

• food-medication interaction

nutrition education focuses on…

instruction or training intended to lead to nutrition related knowledge and/or nutrition related result in interpretation and/or skills

nutrition counseling focuses on

involves more in depth behavior change strategies

characteristics of an RDN as a counselor

• supportive

• process

• collaborative

• relationship

• personalized

• self-case

adult learning theory

emphasizes learning experiences that provide real world examples applicable to the current environment

cognitive-behavioral counseling approach

uses the concept that behavior is learned and is directly related to both internal and external factors

health belief model for counseling

predicts a persons decisions about health related behavioral changes; identifies the clients perceived ability to accomplish a behavior change

social learning theory in counseling

builds on concepts of modeling; people learn through observing others who are doing well

transtheoretical/stages of change

focuses on the concept that behavior change occurs in stages of motivation as client moves through five stages to take action

interprofessional education definition

occurs when two or more professions learn with, about, and from each other to enable effective collaboration and improve health outcomes