Grade 9 Science: Current, Voltage, Resistance, and Circuits

Vocabulary flashcards covering core electricity concepts including current, voltage, resistance, Ohm's Law, series circuits, and parallel circuits based on Grade 9 Science notes.

Current ($I$)

The flow of electric charge through a circuit.

Ampere ($A$)

The unit of measurement for electric current.

Ammeter

An instrument used to measure electric current.

Voltage ($V$)

Also called potential difference; the difference in electrical potential energy per unit charge between two points.

Volt ($V$)

The unit of measurement for voltage.

Resistance ($R$)

The opposition to the flow of electric current.

Ohm

The unit of measurement for electrical resistance.

Ohm's Law

The mathematical relationship where voltage equals current times resistance ($V = I \times R$), current equals voltage divided by resistance ($I = \frac{V}{R}$), and resistance equals voltage divided by current ($R = \frac{V}{I}$).

Series Circuit

A circuit that has only one path for current. Current is the same everywhere, voltage is shared among components, adding resistors increases total resistance, and if one component opens or breaks, the circuit stops working.

Parallel Circuit

A circuit that has two or more paths (branches) for current. Current splits between branches, voltage is the same across each branch, adding another branch decreases total resistance, and if one branch opens, other branches can still work.