Anatomy Practical 2 Exercise 18

What is A?

dural venous sinus (superior sagittal sinus)

What is B?

Skull

What is C?

Periosteal dura

What is D?

Meningeal dura

What is E?

Subdural space

What is F?

Arachnoid mater

What is G?

Subarachnoid space

What is H?

Vessels in subarachnoid space

What is I?

Pia mater (directly attached to brain surface and not removable)

What is J?

Cerebrum

What is A?

Telencephalon

What is B?

Diencephalon

What is C?

Prosencephalon

What is D?

Mesencephalon

What is E?

Cerebellum

What is F?

Pons

What is G?

Medulla oblongata

What is H?

Rhombencephalon

What is A?

Anterior horn of lateral ventricle

What is B?

Interventricular foramen

What is C?

Third ventricle

What is D?

Inferior horn of lateral ventricle

What is E?

Posterior horn of lateral ventricle

What is F?

Cerebral aqueduct

What is G?

Fourth ventricle

What is H?

Central canal of spinal cord

the dura matter is divided into two things…

periosteal dura and the meningeal dura

three main regions of the brain and what do they develop into

Prosencephalon(forebrain), mesencephalon(midbrain), and rhombencephalon(hindbrain).

what are lateral ventricle

two ventricles that occupy the center of each cerebral hemisphere

what are tufts of capillaries that secrete CSF

choroid plexus

Fluid flows from lateral ventricles into x thru y

interventricular foramina and into third ventricle

what wall separates the of lateral ventricles and third ventricle

setum pellucidum

the third ventricle drains into x by y

fourth ventricle through the cerebral aqueduct

what the cerebral aqueduct becomes back up what happened

CSF accumulates in lateral and third ventricles increasing size and pressure- called internal hydrocephalus

CSF returns to the rest of cardiovascular system by

internal jugular veins

in the cerebrum, fold and ridges are

convolutions

ridges of convolutions are called

gyri

depressions in between are called x or y

sulci or fissures

what separates the frontal lobe and has functions of higher purposes

central sulcus

formation of speech area

Broca’s area

another work for Broca’s area

motor speech area

area in front of central gyrus is called

precentral gryus or primary motor cortex

region behind central gryus is

post-central gryus or primaru somatosensory cortex

association areas is

regions of the cerebral cortex that integrate information from different sensory modalities, playing a critical role in higher cognitive functions.

what does Wernicke area do and where is it located

formation of speech and in both parietal and temporal lobes

occipital lobe is considered as

visual area

what is responsible for separating the occipital lobe and cerebellum

transverse fissure

what is the temporal love separate from frontal and parietal lobe by

lateral fissure

the temporal lobe contains an area important called

primary auditory cortex

what senses are important in temporal lobe

smell and taste

what mass is deep to the temporal bone

insula

what separates the left and right hemispheres

longitudinal fissure

the left hemisphere is responsible for

language and analytical tasks/reasoning

the right hemisphere is responsible for

integrates space and pattern perceptions, artistic awareness, imagination and music comprehension

the inferior forebrain includes

pituitary gland, optic chiasm, and mammillary bodies

the hindbrain includes

pons, medulla oblongata, and cerebellum

what connects the two hemispheres

corpus callosum

anterior corpus callosum

genu

posterior corpus callosum

splenium

dicephalon consists of

thalamus and hypothalamus

what is involved with hypothalamus

pituitary gland

what does the pineal gland do

secrete melatonin which regulates body rhythm

what are the small area posterior to the dicephalon called

cerebral peduncles

the peduncles are anterior to

tetum

posterior to the tectum are 4 hemispheric process known as

corpora quadrigemina

the corpora quadrigemina consists of

superior and inferior colliculi

the superior colliculi is important for

visual and auditory reflexes

the inferior colliculi is important for

auditory pathways

the midbrain contains a center called

substantia nigra

when the substantia nigra is not functioning well, what disease can you get

parkinson's disease.

the hindbrain consists of a anterior budge called

pons

pons are importnat for

respiratory centers and involved in controlling the breathing rate

the medulla oblogata has centers for

respiratory rate control, heart rate, and other vital centers

where motor tracts from left brain cross over to right in medulla is called

decussion of pyramids

the cerebellum consists of an outer area called

cerebellar cortex

an inner branched patter of white material in cerebellum is called

arbor vitae

what is the branches called in cerebellum

folia

what is the triangular space anterior to the cerebellum called

fourth ventricle

what is mylienated

white matter

what is unmyelinated

gray matter

white matter consists of

tracts that take information from one region to another for processing

deeps islands of gray matter are called

basal nuclei or basal ganglia.

Nerve I

Olfactory nerve

Nerve II

optic nerve

Nerve III

oculomotor nerve

Nerve IV

Trochlear nerve

Nerve V

Trigeminal Nerve

Nerve VI

Abducens nerve

Nerve VII

Facial nerve

Nerve VIII

Vestibulocochlear Nerve

Nerve IX

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Nerve X

Vagus Nerve

Nerve XI

Accessory Nerve

Nerve XII

Hypoglossal nerve

Function of Olfactory (I)

receives sensory info from the nose

Function of Optic (II)

receives visual sensory information from the retina

Function of Oculomotor (III)

transmits motor info to move the eye muscles particularly the medial, superior and inferior rectus muscles and to the inferior oblique muscle

Function of Trochlear (IV)

transmits motor info to move the superior oblique muscle of the eye.

Function of Trigeminal (V)

three branched nerve, transmits both sensory and motor info to head

Function of Abducens (VI)

transmits motor info to move the lateral rectus muscle of the eye.