neurons parts and functions

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Last updated 12:58 AM on 10/15/26
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11 Terms

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neuron

a cell in the nervous system that communicates with other neurons to process and transmit information

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dendrites

receive information from other neurons and bring it towards the cell body

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cell body

contains the nucleus and organizes information processing

also called soma

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axon

carries information away from the cell body

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myelin sheath

fatty insulation around the axon

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schwann cells

glial cells that form myelin

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nodes of ranvier

gaps in the myelin that help signals travel quickly

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axon terminal

release neurotransmitters to communicate with the next cell

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synapse

the tiny gap between communicating neurons

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which is the correct order

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multiple sclerosis

an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system attacks the myelin sheath