Psychiatric Nursing: Disorders, Symptoms, Medications, and Safety

What is intimate partner violence?

Violence from a spouse, loved one, or past partner.

What are some risk factors for intimate partner violence?

Factors include trauma, children, and male gender.

What is the difference between bipolar one and bipolar two?

Bipolar one includes mania and depression; bipolar two includes hypomania and depression.

What are negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

Symptoms that indicate a lack of normal functions, such as lack of emotion or motivation.

What is characterized social learning theory?

The theory that behaviors are learned through observing and imitating others, particularly in abusive environments.

What is a first generation antipsychotic?

A class of medications used to treat schizophrenia and other mental disorders, examples include haloperidol and chlorpromazine.

What is the typical age of onset for schizophrenia?

Typically in the early 20s.

What seasons are associated with increased risk of schizophrenia onset?

Winter or spring.

What role does trauma play in intimate partner violence?

Trauma can be a risk factor that influences the likelihood of experiencing or perpetrating violence.

What is the significance of male gender in relation to schizophrenia?

Males have an increased risk of developing schizophrenia compared to females.

What are some common misconceptions about bipolar disorder?

Misconceptions include that bipolar disorder is just extreme mood swings; it involves distinct episodes of mania and depression.

What is hypomania?

A milder form of mania, characterized by increased energy and activity, but not as severe as full-blown mania.

What is the importance of home training in preventing negative behaviors?

Proper home training can help children learn appropriate behaviors and reduce the likelihood of aggressive or violent actions.

What is the impact of social factors on behavior according to social learning theory?

Social factors can influence individuals to adopt behaviors seen in their environment, including aggression and violence.

What is a common characteristic of negative symptoms in schizophrenia?

They reflect a decrease in normal functions, such as lack of motivation or emotional expression.

How does trauma relate to the risk of developing mental health issues?

Experiencing trauma can increase vulnerability to various mental health disorders, including PTSD and depression.

What is the role of children in the context of intimate partner violence?

Children can be both victims and witnesses of intimate partner violence, which can have lasting psychological effects.

What distinguishes mania from hypomania?

Mania is more severe and can lead to significant impairment, while hypomania is less intense and often doesn't cause major issues.

What are the implications of social learning theory for addressing violence?

Understanding that behaviors are learned can help in creating interventions that focus on changing the environment and social norms.

What is a key feature of first generation antipsychotics?

They primarily target dopamine receptors to alleviate symptoms of psychosis.

What are common symptoms of narcolepsy?

Lack of emotion, poverty of speech, loss of interest in driving.

What should you avoid if you experience narcolepsy?

Engaging in activities that require full alertness, such as driving.

What are the signs and symptoms of psychosis?

Two signs include hallucinations and delusions.

Which neurotransmitter is primarily affected by antipsychotics?

Dopamine.

What does the assessment of a sad person typically indicate?

It may indicate suicidal thoughts or depression.

What are the signs and symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

Muscle ache, fever, muscle stiffness, and swelling.

What is allostatic load?

The chronic stress response where cortisol levels remain elevated.

Define echopraxia.

Repetitive imitation of another person's movements.

What is the difference between coping and adaptation?

Coping is a short-term response, while adaptation is a long-term adjustment.

Define echolalia.

The unsolicited repetition of another person's spoken words.

What two substances can cause death if not medically supervised during withdrawal?

Alcohol and benzodiazepines.

What is the significance of high counter transfer rates?

They indicate a strong emotional response from the therapist towards the client.

What are the main symptoms of bipolar disorder type 1?

Mania and depression.

What is the role of cortisol in the stress response?

Cortisol helps the body respond to stress but should return to normal levels after the stressor is removed.

What is the meaning of 'lead-pipe rigidity' in neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

It refers to a type of muscle stiffness that is characteristic of the syndrome.

What does 'grandiosity' refer to in psychological terms?

An inflated sense of self-importance or superiority.

What is the difference between acute and chronic stress responses?

Acute stress is a short-term response, while chronic stress persists over time.

What is the importance of recognizing signs of delirium tremens?

It indicates severe alcohol withdrawal and can be life-threatening.

What does the term 'proactive coping' mean?

Actively preparing for potential stressors before they occur.

What is the significance of muscle stiffness in neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

It indicates a severe reaction to antipsychotic medications.