Unit 3

4 parts of an animal cell

nucleus, mitochondria, cell membrane, ER

cell membrane

selectively permeable membrane

allow certain substances to pass through while blocking others, control movement in and out of cell

intracellular fluid

found inside the cell, high in potassium and phosphate ions, contains water, homeostasis

extracellular fluid

found outside cells, high in sodium and chloride, contain water, vital for homeostasis

osmosis

movement of water through the membrane high to low

simple diffusion

straight through the membrane

facilitated diffusion

through a protein

active transport

low to high energy required

endocytosis

moving into the cell

exocytosis

moving out of a cell

hypotonic

water moves in

hypertonic

water moves out

isotonic

equal

lysis

cell bursts

crenation

cell shrivels

ribosome

synthesize proteins by translating mrna into amino acid sequences (little circles)

mitochondria

produces energy though cellular respiration (bug looking)

nucleus

stores dna

golgi complex

modified sorts and packages protein and lipid for transport

centriole

organize cell division by forming spindle fibers that separate chromosome

4 types of tissues

epithelia, connective, muscle, nervous

epithelial tissue

Epithelial tissue protects underlying structures, absorbs nutrients, and secretes substances. It can be found on surfaces like skin, and it lines organs, blood vessels, and body cavities.

epithelial tissues

collagen

it is unique to connective tissue, thick and strong and no stretch

elastic

connective tissue that is thin and stretched and rebounds

reticular

general use connective tissue

osteon

basic structural unit of compact bone. It contains blood vessels and nerves, supporting bone strength and nourishment.

muscle types

smooth

involuntary and appears smooth

cardiac

involuntary and intercalated disc

skeletal

striated and voluntary

neurons in succession