General Terms Exam 2

Sternoclavicular Joint

(saddle joint) sternal end of clavicle articulates with the sternum

Acromioclavicular Joint

(fixed joint) acromial end of clavicle articulates with the acromion process

process where scapula articulates with acromial end of clavicle

Acromion

Scapula Movements

Protraction, Retraction, Depression, Elevation

Narrower region; much more commonly fractured

Surgical Neck

At epiphyseal plate that separates head of humerus from diaphysis

Anatomical Neck

holds the olecranon process of the ulna and allows for full extension of the elbow joint

Olecranon Fossa

attachment point for most posterior forearm muscles (extensors)

Lateral Epicondyle

attachment point for most anterior forearm muscles (flexors)

Medial Epicondyle

Ulna lines with

medial epicondyle and trochlea

Radius aligns with

lateral epicondyle and capitulum

Glenohumeral joint

(ball and socket) due to the shallowness of the glenoid cavity, this joint is unstable and has a wide range of motion

Glenohumeral Joint Movements

internal-external rotation, flexion, extension, abduction, adduction

facilitates pronation & supination at the proximal radioulnar joint

Interosseous Membrane

smooth surface on the ULNA where it articulates with the radius

Radial Notch

Humeroulnar Joint

(hinge joint) extension/flexion

Humeroradial Joint

(limited ball and socket joint) extension, flexion, pronation, supination

Proximal Radioulnar Joint

(pivot joint) supination, pronation

distal radioulnar joint

fixed joint

Radiocarpal Joint

(condyloid joint) abduction, adduction, extension flexion

Metacarpophalangeal Joints

(condyloid joint) abduction, adduction, extension flexion

Interphanlangeal Joints (proximal and distal)

(hinge joint) extension, flexion

name the 8 carpal bones

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate

superior crest of ilium

Iliac Crest

noticeable bump on the lateral end of the ilium that serves as the attachment for the inguinal ligament

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

tough band stretching from the anterior superior iliac spine to the pubi; creates a protected passageway for neurovascular structures; you have one on each coxa

Inguinal Ligament

joins with the ilium

Superior Ramus

joins with ischium

Inferior Ramus

a large opening that is mostly covered by connective tissue from which muscles attach, but also allows for a small nerve and blood vessels to pass through

Obturator Foramen

rough patch on most inferior region of the pelvis (where you sit) and the site of muscle attachment for hamstrings on the posterior thigh

Ischial Tuberosity

projects prosteriorly from the acetabulum

Ischial Spine

large notch superior to the ischial spine and the passageway for the body's largest nerve,

the sciatic nerve

greater sciatic notch

What is on proximal end of femur

Head, Neck, Greater trochanter, Lesser trochanter

What is on distal end of femur

Medial condyle, Lateral condyle, Patellar surface (articulates

with patella)

Hip Joint

(ball and socket joint) internal and external rotation, extension and flexion, abduction and adduction

Knee Joint

(hinge joint) extension and flexion

attachment site for patellar tendon from the thigh's quadriceps muscles

Tibial Tuberosity

Tibia has what malleous

Medial

Fibula has what malleous

Lateral

attachment site of the calcaneal tendon

Calcaneus

strong ligament holding the tarsals in an arch

Plantar Fascia

Talocrural Joint

(Saddle joint) between the tibia/fibula and talus bone

Metatarsophalangeal Joints

(condyloid joint) abduction, adduction, flexion, extension

Interphalangeal Joints

(hinge joint) extension, flexion

Frontalis

raises eyebrows

Orbicularis Oris

closes eyelids

Zygomaticus Major

raises corners of lips

Buccinator

compresses cheeks

Occipitalis

tenses scalp

Platysma

tenses neck and depresses mandible

Orbicularis Oris

purses lips

Depressor anguli oris

lowers corners of lips

Massester

elevates mandible

Temporalis

elevates mandible

Medial Pytergoid

elevates jaw, moves jaw medially

Lateral Pytegoid

protrudes lower jaw

retract, elevate, and depress the scapula; extends neck if used bilaterally

Trapezius

turns head, or flexes neck if used bilaterally

Sternocleidomastoid

Elevates the hyoid bone and moves the floor of the mouth

Suprahyoid Bones

Moves intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue

Tongue Muscles

moves eyes (muscle)

Extraocular Muscles

aids in swallowing

Pharyngeal Muscles

Moves cartilages connected to the vocal cords

Laryngeal Muscles

Elevation of Scapula

Levator Scapulae, Trapezius

Protraction of Scapula

Serratus Anterior

Depression of Scapula

trapezius, pectoralis minor

Retraction of Scapula

Trapezius, Rhomboid Major+Minor

Internal Rotation of Humeral Muscles

subscapularis, teres major, lattisimus dorsi

Extension of Humeral Muscles

lattisimus dorsi, teres major, posterior head of deltoid

Abduction of Humeral Muscles

middle head of deltoid, supraspinatus

Flexion of Humeral Muscles

anterior head of deltoid

Adduction of Humeral Muscles

Coracobrachialis, Pectoralis Major, Lattisimus Dorsi

External Rotation of Humeral Muscles

infraspinatus, teres minor