metoprolol/potassium

what type of medication is metoprolol

beta-1 blocker that decreases HR, contractility, cardiac output, and BP

what should the nurse assess before administering metoprolol

apical pulse, blood pressure, dizziness, and weakness

when should the nurse hold metoprolol

HR less than 60 BPM, SBP less than 90

adverse effects of metoprolol

bradycardia, hypotension, fatigue, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, masking signs of hypoglycemia

what should the nurse teach each client about taking metoprolol

take at same time always, do NOT stop abruptly, change positions slowly, check HR at home

what is the normal potassium range

3.5-5

why is potassium important

essential for nerve impulse transmission, muscle contractions, cardiac rhythm,

what is hypokalemia

K= less than 3.5.

causes of hypokalemia

loop/thiazide diuretics, vomiting/diarrhea, malnutrition, and excess insulin

signs of hypokalemia

leg cramps, muscle weakness, fatigue, decreased bowel sounds, dysrythmias/ecg changes

what is hyperkalemia

K= more than 5.0

causes of hyperkalemia

renal failure, potassium-sparing diuretics, ACE inhibitors, tissue breakdown/burns/traumas

signs of hyperkalemia

muscle weakness, numbness/tingling, life threatening dysrhythmias

what should nurse assess before giving potassium

urine output/renal function

IV potassium should NEVER be administered

IV push