Bones and Skeleton unit

axial skeleton

80 bones making up the skull, ossicles, hyoid bone, vertebrae, and thoracic cage

appendicular skeleton

126 bones making up the arms, legs, and pelvis

process

a prominent or projecting part of a bone

tuberosity

a large prominent part on a bone that attaches tendons and muscles

foramen

a hole in a bone that forms a passageway

facet

a flat smooth part of an anatomical surface

notch

a v-shaped indentation in a bone

meatus

a natural opening or canal in the body

trochanter

a rough prominence of process at the upper part of the femur

malleolus

an expanded projection or process at the distal end of the fibula or tibia at the level of the ankle

phalange

digital bones of the hand and foot

epiphysis

a part or process of a bone that ossifies separately and later becomes the ankylosed to the main part of the bone

fossa

an anatomical pit, groove or depression

bone lining cells

protects bone surface from osteoclast activity

osteocytes

mature osteoblasts

osteoblasts

synthesize the components that constitute the ecm of bones

osteoclasts

largest bone cells, eats old and damaged bone matter to assist growth and repair

suture

flexible joints between bones in the skull

3 sections of the spine

cervical, thoracic, and lumbar

atlas

c1

axis

c2

kyphotic curve

reverse shape that the thoracic section of the spine forms

lordotic curve

inward curve formed by the lumbar vertebrae

sacrum and coccyx

5 fused vertebrae that provide connection points for muscles, ligaments, and the pelvis

thoracic cage

37 bones including the sternum

coastal cartilage

connects ribs to the sternum

sternum

flat vertical bones that protect the thoracic organs

manubrium

top sternal bone

body

middle sternal bone

xiphoid process

bottom part of the sternum, calcifies later in life

hyoid bone

only floating bone in the body that assists in swallowing and talking