Dynamic cells

What is a cell

A system of many parts that work together to carry out life processes

What is another term for the “many parts” used to make a cell

Organelles

What are the 7 life processes a cell must be able to do to define itself

Reproduction, nutrition, growth, respiration, movement, sensitivity, excretion

Why are cells considered open systems

Because they exchange matter & energy with surroundings

What are the 2 types of cells

Prokaryotic & eukaryotic

What is a prokaryotic cell

A cell that contains no organized nucleus genetic material in the cytoplasm, & contains no organized organelles

What is the oldest known form of life

The prokaryotic cell

What is a eukaryotic cell

A cell that contains an organized nucleus & organized organelles

What are some examples of prokaryotic cells

Blue-green algae, bacteria

What are some examples of eukaryotic cells

Plant & animal cells, fungi, protists

What are organelles

Specialized structures in a cell

What is a cell membrane

The protective barrier for the cell

What is the role of the cell membrane

It allows the transport of needed materials in & waste out, allows cell to cell interaction & communication, allows recognition of molecules

What is the nucleus

The organelle that contains the DNA and directs all cellular activity

What do nucleus pores allow

Transport of materials

What is the cytoplasm

The gel like substance inside the cell membrane

What does the cytoplasm do

Contains nutrients required by cell, where organelles are suspended, allows for movement

What is the cell wall

Rigid frame around the cell that provides strength and support

What co chloroplasts do

Is the site of photosynthesis (converts solar energy to chemical energy)

What are vacuoles/vesicles

Membrane bound structures which store nutrients, products of secretions, and fats, in plants the central vacuole is for water storage, gives cell turgor which increases pressure and firmness

What is the endoplasmic reticulum

Series of interconnected tubes that branch from nuclear envelope, contains rough & smooth parts

What does the endoplasmic reticulum do

Transports materials through tubules

What does the rough endoplasmic reticulum do

Has ribosomes attached, associated with protein synthesis

What does the smooth endoplasmic reticulum do

Associated with fat and oil production

What are the ribosomes

Dense looking granules formed of two parts, either attached to endoplasmic reticulum or free in cytoplasm

What do ribosomes do

Where amino acids are assembled into proteins

What are lysosomes & what do they do

Membrane bound sacs from where digestion occurs, defends against bacteria, destructs damaged cell organelles, controls digestion after development of tissues

What is the Golgi apparatus & what does it do

Composed of flat sacs involved in secretions, receives substances from endoplasmic reticulum & packages for transport out of cell

What is the mitochondria & what does it do

Rod like structures where chemical energy in sugars is converted to energy the cell can use, does cellular respiration

What are 5 differences between plant & animal cells

Plants contain chloroplasts, plant cells contain one LARGE central vacuole, plants contain cell well, animal cells contain lysosomes, animal cells have centrioles