Nelkin, Zander; 1st Period - Unit 2

Homeostasis

Physiological balance

Cytology

Study of cells

Organelles

specialized structures that enable specific functions

Cell/Plasma membrane

Surrounds every cell

selective semipermeable membrane

Determines what enters and leaves the cell

Nucleus

Controls cell

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

responsible for each person’s unique genes

Cytoplasm

semifluid material between the nucleus and cell membrane

Electrolytes

compounds made up of charged particles

Ions

charged particles, conduct electrical currents in water or cytoplasm

Cations

positively-charged ions that create acids

Anions

negatively charged ions that create bases, Bases react with acids to form salts

pH

measures the presence of acids and bases.

Muscle cells

long, slender cells within muscle tissue, They allow muscles to contract and relax

Epithelial cells

flat, square cells covering the skin and lining the digestive tract and hollow organs

Fat cells

large, empty spaces to store fat

Nerve cells

long with fibrous extensions to carry nerve impulses

Blood cells

vary in size and shape according to their function

Sex cells

The ovum (female sex cell) is the largest cell in the body, The sperm (male sex cell) is the smallest