Clover Learning (Rad Tech Boot Camp)

If a radiographer performs an intravenous urogram (IVU) on a patient who was supposed to have had a lumbar spine series, the radiographer may be charged with:

battery

Which of the following imaging modalities would be considered the best screening tool for breast disease?

mammography

Why is it generally routine to obtain a right anterior oblique (RAO) projection of the sternum?

this projection places the sternum over the uniform density of the heart

The central ray for an anteroposterior (AP) projection of the shoulder should enter perpendicular to a point:

one inch inferior to the coracoid process

Which of the following structures is located at the renal hilum?

renal pelvis

As filtration increases, the patient dose will:

decrease

Which type of tissue exhibits the highest growth rate and proliferation?

bone marrow

Before entering a contact isolation room, radiographers should put on which two of the following? (select two)

disposable gown

disposable gloves

Which of the following is NOT an appropriate use of electronic annotation during digital radiographic imaging?

indicating laterality (R/L)

If a patient has a known allergy to intravenous contrast, a premedication of which drug might be given before the injection of contrast?

benadryl

If a technologist mistakenly takes images on the incorrect patient, it may be considered:

battery

Consider a technologist that accidentally uses a lower milliampere-seconds (mAs) setting than needed for a radiograph of the chest. Which of the following is used to display the image as if it was exposed using proper technical factors?

rescaling

One may say that the patient has tachycardia if the patient has a pulse rate higher than:

100 beats per minute

Which side of the x-ray tube is negatively charged during the exposure?

cathode

To avoid violation of federal law on patient data protections, access to electronic medical records (EMR) should be protected with which three of the following? (select three)

Anti-hacking software

Complex passcode requirements

Encryption

Leakage radiation from the x-ray tube is limited to:

1 milligray/hour @ 1 meter

The international System of Units (SI) for absorbed dose is:

gray (Gy)

Which of the following is included in the electronic medical record (EMR)? (select all that apply)

Lab results

Radiology reports

Pathology results

Nurses' notes

Doctors' notes

Why is the chest imaged in the posteroanterior (PA) position rather than in the anteroposterior (AP) position?

to minimize the magnification of the heart

On an oblique lumbar spine radiograph, the nose of the Scottie dog represents the:

transverse process

What term describes a reduction of x-ray beam intensity through scatter and absorption?

attenuation

Which three post-processing manipulations may lead to a legal issue? (select three)

- A technologist adds a digital left (L) or right (R) anatomic marker after failing to add their own prior to exposure

- Electronically changing the field of view and cropping anatomy off of an image

- Not including the patient name and date of the exam on the image

Each of the following images were acquired with a different set of technical factors. Which image demonstrates an error called saturation?

image D

How does radiation exposure rate influence biological damage?

increased exposure rate increases biological damage

Personnel dosimeters are worn for which three of the following reasons? (select three)

- Evaluate radiation safety practices

- Evaluate risk of radiation-induced conditions

- Evaluate deterministic or tissue reaction risks

Identify the structure that is identified by the letter (B):

anterior nasal spine

Which of the following would be considered a severe contrast media reaction?

seizures

All of the following factors influence the tabletop exposure rate during fluoroscopic procedures EXCEPT:

position of the table

If a radiographer shares a patient's X-ray of a celebrity with a friend not directly involved with the patient's care, the radiographer may be accused of:

breach of confidentiality

If the x-ray tube is moved rapidly during a fluoroscopic exam, the image will appear to be blurry. This is the result of which of the following?

camera tube lag

The NCRP requires that leakage radiation from the fluoroscopic tube must be below:

1 milligray/hour @ 1 meter from the tube

Source-to-image distance (SID) refers to the distance from the:

focal spot target on the x-ray tube to the image receptor

To maintain advantage of using a short exposure time when performing a routine chest and abdomen radiograph is to eliminate: (select all that apply)

- To eliminate peristaltic motion

- To eliminate heart motion

- To eliminate the potential of unintentional patient movement

- To eliminate involuntary motion

Which of the following medical abbreviations might be used to refer to a heart attack?

myocardial infarction (MI)

Which of these digital radiography systems will have the highest contrast resolution?

12-bit system

If the primary beam area id doubled by opening the collimator, patient dose and exposure to the operator will:

increase by a factor of 2

Which two of the following catheters are used for central vascular access? (select two)

- Hickman

- Groshong

Which of the following joints is often assessed using arthrography?

shoulder joint

A radiograph is initially created with 125 milliampere-seconds (mAs) at a 40-inch source-to-image distance (SID). If the exam is repeated using 36-inch SID, what new mAs should be used to maintain image receptor exposure?

101 mAs

The purpose of the rectifier in an x-ray circuit is to convert:

alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC)

What term refers to an acute infection of the lung parenchyma or supportive tissue?

pneumonia

When evaluating an anteroposterior (AP) open-mouth projection of the cervical spine, which two of the following structures should be visualized on an acceptable radiograph? (select two)

- the lateral masses of C1

- the odontoid tip

Personnel dosimeters should always be worn at the:

collar, outside of the lead apron

Which projection of the skull will demonstrate the sella turcica in profile?

lateral projection

A radiologist requested that a repeat scan be performed on a CT patient, stating, "The patient's head was not positioned correctly". If the technologist views the original images to identify the mistake, is this a HIPAA violation?

this is not a HIPAA violation

What quality of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) influences its ability to ionize matter?

frequency

Consider this scenario: The director of the radiology department is brought to the emergency department unconscious following a severe motor vehicle accident. After a CT head is performed, the radiology staff gathers around the PACS monitor to view the images. Is this a breach of the HIPAA law?

this is a breach of HIPAA law

A patient with pertussis, whooping couch, or influenza needing transmission-based precautions would most likely be placed in which of the following?

droplet precautions

What is the single most valuable projection to obtain for a trauma patient when there is a concern for the cervical spine?

lateral

During a fluoroscopic procedure, what effort would BEST reduce radiation exposure to the technologist?

minimizing the time spent in the procedure

An iodinated, water-soluble contrast media is suggested for a lower gastrointestinal study when:

there is a suspicion of perforated or lacerated intestinal wall

Exposure latitude is defined as the:

range of exposures that produces quality images at an appropriate patient dose

When is it acceptable for a radiographer to stand in the path of the primary beam?

a radiographer should never stand in the path of the primary beam

Spot images are obtained with a small bowel study when the ingested barium reaches the:

ileocecal valve

For mobile or portable fluoroscopic equipment (C-arm), inherent provisions must be made so that the machine cannot be operated at less than:

12 inches (30 cm) source-to-skin distance (SSD)

As photon energy decreases, the probability of a photoelectric absorption interaction will:

increase

When performing an exam on a patient with visual impairment, it is important to do which three of the following? (select three)

- communicate effectively

- individualize care

- foster normalization for the patient

What is the annual whole-body radiation dose limit for infrequent exposure to the general public?

5 millisievert (mSv)

Which organ system response to whole-body radiation exposure has a threshold dose of 1 Gray (Gy)?

hemopoietic syndrome

Which of the following beam restriction devices is the most versatile for defining the size and shape of the radiographic beam?

collimator

A fall-off in brightness at the periphery of a fluoroscopic image is called:

vignetting

Antiseptic agents are used to:

impede the growth of microorganisms on living tissue

The prefix "milli-" stands for:

1/1000

The head of the radius articulates medially with which of the following structures?

radial notch of the ulna

The average pulse rate of an infant is:

100-150 beats per minute

The fill factor of the direct radiography (DR) image receptor is the:

sensitive portion of the detector element compared to the non-sensitive portion

Which of the following positions will demonstrate the duodenal bulb and c-loop?

left posterior oblique (LPO)

Where is the technique chart of anatomically programmed technique systems stored?

in the microprocessor of the control unit

A patient has come to the imaging department for an intravenous urogram procedure. As you obtain the patient's medical history and screen the patient for allergies, which of the following should you ask about? (select all that apply)

- Diabetes medications

- Cardiovascular disease

- Previous iodine contrast reactions

- Any known allergies

- Asthma

What effect does decreasing the primary beam field size (increasing collimation) have on the amount of scatter radiation reaching the image receptor (IR)?

decreases amount of scatter radiation reaching the IR

Which of the following organs is/are the most radiosensitive?

gonads

Which two of the following procedures require a non-sterile aseptic technique? (select two)

- insertion of a nasogastric tube

- insertion of a barium enema tip

An exposure is made using the following technical factors: 300 milliamperes (mA), 0.01 seconds, and 70 kilovoltage peak (kVp). What new exposure time setting would produce the same total milliampere-seconds (mAs) if the mA is changed to 600?

0.005 seconds

Which two of the following factors will result in improved spatial resolution? (select two)

- increased source-to-image distance

- decreased focal spot size

During an operative procedure, which of the following persons is NOT considered to be sterile?

anesthesiologist

The aging process commonly results in a decrease in: (select all that apply)

- calcium in the bones

- muscle strength

- tissue elasticity

- visual acuity

What is the purpose of primary beam restriction? (select all that apply)

- keep the amount of tissue irradiation to a minimum

- improve image quality

- reduce patient exposure

- reduce scatter production

As the quality of the beam increases, attenuation will:

decrease

Which of the following pathologic conditions may require a decrease in technical factors to maintain an acceptable exposure to the image receptor?

osteoporosis

Transferring a patient via logrolling should be done if a patient is suspected of having:

spinal injury

A properly positioned posteroanterior (PA) axial projection of the average skull, or Caldwell method, will project the petrous ridges:

in the lower third of orbits

Which exposure technique system used the rule to double or halve milliampere seconds (mAs) for every 5 centimeters of subject thickness?

fixed kilovoltage peak (kVp) system

How does the presence of oxygen affect the radiosensitivity of a cell?

increased radiosensitivity

How much should the foot be rotated in order to demonstrate the ankle mortise?

15-20 degrees

Bacteria can be classified by all of the following EXCEPT:

mold tests

Focal spot size affects which of the following?

spatial resolution

The dorsum sellae is projected within the foramen magnum in which projection of the skull?

AP axial skull (Towne method)

To reduce occupational exposure during fluoroscopy, where is the most acceptable position for the technologist to stand?

in the fluoroscopy room, as far from the patient as practical

Pathogenic microorganisms that require a living host's cells to survive and reproduce are called:

viruses

A radiograph is produced using 4 milliampere-seconds (mAs) and 70 kilovoltage peak (kVp). The resulting image receptor exposure is 0.001 milligray (mGy). If technical factors are changed to 8 mAs with the same kVp, the next radiograph will have an image receptor exposure of:

0.002 milligray (mGy)

An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, often demonstrated with bending images is called:

scoliosis

When positioning the average adult patient for a lateral projection of the humerus, which of the following should be done?

rotate the arm so that the humeral epicondyles are perpendicular to the image receptor

Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (C):

oropharynx

Personnel monitoring reports must be available for occupational workers' reviews:

annually

Which of the following describes the beam energy produced by a waveform with a low voltage ripple?

high beam energy

How many shades of gray can be produced by an 8-bit digital radiography system?

256 shades of gray

A patient has been involved in a motor vehicle accident and is transported to the emergency department on a backboard. She has sustained a right hip injury and is wearing a cervical collar. Which projections would be most appropriate to assess for a fractured hip?

anteroposterior (AP) pelvis and a cross-table lateral hip

While performing a mobile examination the radiographer drops a flat-panel digital detector on the floor. What should the technologist do first?

the detector needs to be checked to determine if it is still functional

The image of the abdomen demonstrates: (select two)

- air-fluid levels

- appropriate laterality marker

Identify the structure that is represented by the letter (C):

*shoulder image*

scapulohumeral joint