American Pageant Chapter 41 by Ashton Wong

What two countries did President George W. Bush invade in response to the 9/11 attacks?

Afghanistan

Iraq

What did President Bush controversially claim that Iraq had that would lead to its invasion?

weapons of mass destruction (WMD)

Who was the first African American president?

Barack Obama

What was the crushing economic crisis that Obama inherited known as?

"The Great Recession"

What did a standoff between the House and the president over the nation's debt ceiling lead to?

a downgrade in the government's credit rating

What landmark health bill did Obama pass that mandated all Americans to purchase health insurance?

What is its more popular name?

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

"Obamacare"

George W. Bush became the first presidential offspring since which president?

John Quincy Adams

Where did George W. Bush hold degrees?

Yale and Harvard

What did Bush's adversaries say about him?

He had been born on third base and claimed to have hit a triple.

Where was George W. Bush governor before he was president?

Texas

What was an example of Americans struggled with the ethics of revolutionary advances in biological engineering?

harvesting of stem cells

What project mapped the DNA sequencing of all twenty thousand human genes in 2001?

Human Genome Project

What did President Bush establish in 2001 to tackle the problems surrounding biological engineering?

Council on Bioethics

What limited greenhouse gas emissions?

Kyoto Treaty

What did Vice-President Dick Cheney say conservation was?

a "sign of personal virtue"

Where did Cheney advocate for new oil exploration?

Arctic National Wildlife Refuge

What was the centerpiece of Bush's economic policy?

a 1.3 trillion dollar tax cut

How much were the deficits by 2004?

2008?

2004 - 400 billion

2008 - 460 billion

What were the three locations where planes crashed on 9/11?

How many people died at each place?

Twin Towers of The World Trade Center - over 3,000 killed

The Pentagon - 189 killed

rural Pennsylvania - 44 killed

Who did President Bush target as the principal enemy?

What terrorist group was he the head of?

What did the name of this terrorist group translate to?

Osama bin Laden

Al Qaeda

"The Base"

What was the name of the Islamic Fundamentalists who ruled Afghanistan at the time?

The Taliban

What new tactics did Anti-Terrorism experts call for?

"asymmetrical warfare"

What permitted telephone & email surveillance and detention & deportation of suspected terrorists?

USA Patriot Act

(official name is Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Incerept and Obstruct Terrorism)

What department did Congress create to protect the nation's borders?

Department of Homeland Security

What did the Bush administration want to try suspected terrorists before?

military tribunals

Where were hundreds of Taliban soldiers held?

Guantanamo Detention Camp in Cuba

What did the Bush administration say they would not tolerate?

Iraq's defiance of United Nations weapons inspections

Who was the dictator of Iraq?

What did Clinton declare that was an official goal of US policy which involved removing the dictator?

Saddam Hussein

"regime change"

What countries, according to Bush, constituted an "axis of evil"?

Iraq, Iran, North Korea

Who warned the Bush administration not to go into Iraq?

What did he say to Bush about Iraq?

Secretary of State Colin Powell

"You break it, you own it"

What was the population of Iraq?

On what date did the US attack Iraq?

Which major ally did the US attack Iraq with?

25 million

March 19, 2003

Britain

What did the banner off a US aircraft carrier declare off of California coast after the Iraqi war?

"Mission Accomplished"

What Muslim groups clashed violently in Iraq?

Sunni and Shia

Where were Iraqi prisoners allegedly being tortured and humiliated by American soldiers?

Abu Ghraib Prison in Baghdad

Who flooded into Iraq because of the violent chaos?

jihadist terrorists

What two places permitted same-sex marriage in 2004?

San Francisco

Massachusetts

At which university did the Supreme Court permit some preferential treatment in admitting minority undergraduate and law students?

University of Michigan

What mandated sanctions against schools that didn't meet federal performance standards?

What did Bush target when he championed this act?

No Child Left Behind Act

"the soft bigotry of low expectations"

What did Bush say not to do when he was running for reelection?

"change horses midstream"

Who was Bush's opponent in the 2004 election?

What state was the deciding factor in this election?

Massachusetts senator John Kerry

Ohio

Who was the prime minister of Britain during 9/11?

Tony Blair

What did reelection give George Bush according to himself?

"political capital"

What two conservative Supreme Court justices were appointed by Bush?

Who did they replace?

John G. Roberts and Samuel A. Alito Jr.

William Rehnquist (died) and Sandra Day O'Connor (retired)

What group protested Bush's plan to privatize social security?

American Association of Retired Persons (AARP)

What was a major "values" issue during the 2004 election?

same-sex marriage

What did nativist forces condemn Bush' guest-worker program as?

"amnesty"

What did journalists discover the government was doing in 2005?

conducting illegal wiretaps on American citizens

What Hurricane was Bush's most avoidable problem within his presidency?

What city did this Hurricane devastate?

Hurricane Katrina

New Orleans

How many people were killed because of Hurricane Katrina?

How much money in damages did it cost?

1,300

150 billion

What proved completely inept during the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina?

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)

Who became the first woman Speaker of the House in 2007?

Nancy Pelosi

Who was blamed for much of the mismanagement of troops in the Iraq War?

Head of the Defense Department Donald Rumsfeld

Who did Obama barely beat to get on the democratic presidential ticket in 2008?

Hillary Clinton

What two places was Obama raised?

Where was he a senator before being elected?

Hawaii and Indonesia

Illinois

Who was Obama's running-mate/VP?

Delaware Senator Joe Biden

Who was Obama running against in 2008?

Who was their running mate?

Arizona senator John McCain

Alaska governor Sarah Palin

What did Sarah Palin self-proclaim herself as?

"hockey-mom"

What did Obama seize advantage in during his 2008 campaign?

What was his campaign slogan?

"air war" (television) and "ground war" (door-to-door campaigning);

"Yes we can"

What set in world-wide that made financial institutions reduce their debt loads by selling assets?

deleveraging

What venerable Wall street firm collapsed in September 2008?

Lehman Brothers

What two large mortgage companies were nationalized by the government?

Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae)

Federal Home Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac)

What was the largest insurance company in the world that was taken over by the government?

American International Group (AIG)

Who was the secretary of Treasury?

Henry Paulson

What did Paulson persuade Congress to create which would authorize $700 billion to buy "toxic" assets and inject cash directly into the nation's biggest banks and corporations?

Troubled Assets Relief Program (TARP)

What did Obama say would happen if McCain was elected?

a "third Bush term"

What usual Republican states did Obama win in the 2008 election?

Virginia, Nevada, Colorado

What magazine jibed "Black Man Given Nation's Worst Job"?

The Onion

What did Obama say during his inaugural address?

to "put away childish things" and embrace "a new era of responsibility"

How many jobs were lost a month after Obama was elected?

What was the unemployment rate?

700,000

over 10%

What was the huge "stimulus" bill that Obama passed that contained almost a trillion dollars in tax cuts?

American Recovery and Reinvestment Act

What two automakers did the government help stay afloat?

How many jobs did this save?

General Motors and Chrysler

3 million

How much money would "Obamacare" reduce the federal deficit by over twenty years?

1 trillion dollars

What pointed the way to a major overhaul of the financial regulatory system?

Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act

What was the name of the protesters accusing the Obama administration of socialism and unconstitutional control?

What were they backed by?

"Tea Party"

political action committees (PACs)

What two Supreme Court Justices did Obama appoint?

Sonia Sotomayor (first Hispanic justice)

Elena Kagan

What policy targeted towards gays was repealed by Obama?

What did Obama renew with Russia regarding nuclear arms?

"Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy

New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (New START)

Who was the Speaker of the House during Obama's presidency in 2011 that refused to lift the debt limit until the president agreed to a long term deficit-reduction plan?

John Boehner

What agency downgraded America's credit rating for the first time in history?

Standard and Poor

Who was appointed as Secretary of State by Obama?

Hillary Clinton

What did Obama win for his foreign policies in the Middle East?

The Nobel Peace Prize

When did America pull out the last of its troops from Iraq?

How many Americans died in the conflict in Iraq?

December 2011

nearly 5,000

Where did Al Qaeda find refuge?

When was Osama bin Laden found and killed?

Pakistan

May 2011

What did the Obama administration replace ground operations with in the Middle East?

drones

Where did a controversial drone attack take place that killed US citizens?

Yemen

What was the protest movement that highlighted the rising inequality?

What was their slogan?

Occupy Wall Street

"We are the 99 Percent"

How many people in America lived in poverty in 2012?

46.5 million or 15% of Americans

Of the top 146 colleges in the nation how many of their students came from the top 25% of households based on income?

How many from the bottom 25%

2/3 or 67%

6%

What was the flagship business of America's booming industrial revolution when the 20th century opened?

What did General Motors being the epitome of the American company symbolize?

United States Steel Corporation

shift to a mass consumer society

What did corporations like International Business Machines, Microsoft , and Apple symbolize?

transition to the "information age"

Who did Obama run against in the 2012 election?

Who was their running mate?

The nominee was the first what to run for the presidency?

Massachusetts governor Mitt Romney

Wisconsin congressman Paul Ryan

Mormon

What two acts did Romney promise to repeal if elected?

Affordable Care Act and Wall Street Reform Act

What Supreme Court case prohibited the government from limiting spending on campaigns?

Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission

How much did Obama and Romney's campaigns cost combined?

2 billion dollars

Obama won every state that he won the previous election except for which two?

North Carolina and Indiana

A stalemate between the president and the House caused what?

a sixteen day government shut-down

How many Americans were over 65 in 2012?

13%

What was what the government owed retirees and the cost that it would take to pay them known as?

"unfunded liability"

How many illegal immigrants were there in the US in 2010?

11 million

What did Obama push to create a path to citizenship for undocumented youth?

DREAM Act (Development, Relief and Education for Alien Minors Act)

The states of Arizona, Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina all passed anti-immigrant laws that said police could detain people if there was what?

What did critics say the law amounted to?

"reasonable doubt"

"racial profiling"