Ch 5 Joint Movements

Active movement:

Joint movement produced by the client’s own muscular effort.

Active - assisted movement:

Joint movement produced by the client with assistance from the therapist.

Adduction:

Movement toward the midline of the body.

Abduction:

Movement away from the midline of the body.

Circumduction:

A circular movement combining flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.

Depression:

Inferior movement of the body structure.

Dorsiflexion:

Movement bringing the top of the foot toward the anterior lower leg.

Elevation:

Superior movement of a body structure.

Eversion:

Movement that turns the sole of the foot generally outward.

Extension:

Movement that generally increases the angle between body parts or returns a body part from flexion.

Flexion:

Movement that generally decreases the angle between body parts.

Inversion:

Movement that turns the sole of the foot generally inward.

Joint:

The location where two or more bones meet.

Joint movement:

Movement of a joint through part or all of it’s available range of motion.

Medial rotation:

Rotation of a body part toward the body’s midline.

Lateral rotation:

Rotation of a body part away from the body’s midline.

Passive movement:

Joint movement produced by the therapist while the client remains relaxed.

Plantar flexion:

Movement that points the foot away from the lower leg.

Pronation:

Rotation of the forearm that turns the palm downward when the elbow is flexed.

Protraction:

Anterior movement of a body’s structure, such as the scapula.

Range of motion (ROM):

The amount of movement available at a joint.

Retraction:

Posterior movement of a body’s structure, such as the scapula.

Supination:

Rotation of the forearm that turns the palm upward when the elbow is flexed.

Hypermobility:

Greater-than-typical movement at one or more joints.