Wk 2 Function and Classifaction

Types of bones, Cytes, Functions, bone markings

How many bones are in the body

206

what is the skeletal system composed of

Bones and Cartilage

Functions of bones (5)

1. Mineral Storage

2. Hormone Production

3. Movement

4. Protection

5. Support

What is hematopoiesis

production of blood cells in red marrow

Whats the purpose of RBC

oxygen transport

Whats the purpose of WBC

Immune System

Whats the purpose of platelets

Blood Clotting

Whats the purpose of Triglyceride Storage

Fat storage in yellow marrow

Yellow Marrow is

Fatr

Red Marrow is

production cytes

What bones are in the axial skeleton (7)

1. Skull

2. vertebrae

3. ribs

4. sternum

5. sacrum

6. coccyx

7. hyoid

what bones are in appendicular skeleton (4)

1. Shoulder girdle

2. Upper limbs

3. Lower Limbs

4. Pelvic Girdle

What are the 4 different shape of bones

1. Long

2. Flat

3. Irregular

4. Short

What are short bones

cube shaped

Function and example of short bones

Stability and Support and an example is carpal/tarsal bones

What is a sesamoid bone

small bones embedded with muscle or tendon

function and example of a sesamoid bone

functions as a pulley and an example the patella bone embedded in the quadricep tendon

what are flat bones

Thin, flat and usually curved

Functionand example of flat bones

Used for protection and an example is skull bonesWh

What material is found in flat bones that is spongy and porous

Diploe

What are irregular bones

complicated shapeWhat

What the function and example of a irregular bone

no specific function and an example is vertebrae

What are long bones

cyndrical and longe than wide

Function and Example of long bones

acts as levers and support of weight an example is femur, metacarpal, and metatarsals

What is the periosteum

covers the outside of bones except where cartilage is seen

What is endosteum

covers the inside of the outer compact bone layer and lines the membrane of the bone marrow cavity

What does periosteum refer to

fibrous connective tissue membrane that covers external surfaces of all bones except joint surfaces

What are the two layers of periosteum

1. outer fibrous

2. inner cellular

What is outer fibrous layer of periosteum

connective tissue

What is inner cellular layer of periosteum

blasts, clasts, and cytes layers

What does the periosteum separates the bone

separates the bone from surrounding structures and contains small blood vessels that provide nourishment to the outer cortex of bones

what does the endosteum refer to

a layer of connective tissue that lines the inner surfaces including compact bone and spongy bone

What is the diaphysis

long axis tubular shaft and surrounds the marrow cavity thats filled with yellow marrow

What is the function of the diaphysis

withstands heavy loads

What is the epiphysis

Wider section at each end of bones and the outer shell of compact bone

What fills the spaces between spongy bones

red marrow

What does hyaline cartilage cover

joint surfaces

What is metaphysis

where the diaphysis and the epiphysis meet

What is the epiphyseal line

the growth plate (epiphyseal plate) after it closes

What is the epiphyseal plate

thin plate of hyaline cartilage between the diaphysis and the epiphysis that eventually replaced by bone

What are the two types of bone tissue found in long bones

Compact bone (outer) and spongy bone (inner)

What is a Foramen and an example

perforation or opening an example is the foramen magnum

What is a fissure and an example

cleft or split an example is the superior orbital fissure

What is a canal and an example

Tubular duct an example is the mandibular canal

What is a meatus and an example

opening or passage an example is the external auditory meatus

What is a notch and an example

indention or passage an example is the greater sciatic notch

What is a Fossa and an example

depression an example is mandibular fossa

What is a sulcus and an example

groove an example is the sulcus of the humerus

What is a Fovea and an example

small pit or depression an example is fovea capitis

What is a Groove and an example

furrow or channel an example is sustentaculum tali

What is a Process and an example

prominence or outgrowth an example is zygomatic process

What is a spine and an example

sharp projection an example is ischial spine

What is a tubercle and an example

small rounded process an example is adductor tubercle

What is a tuberosity and an example

Larg, rounded process an example is greater tuberosity of humerus

What is a trochanter and an example

very large process an example is greater trochanter femur

What is a Head and an example

round process supported on a neck an example is head of femur

What is a neck and an example

bone between head and shaft an example is neck of femur

What is a condyle and an example

round process in a joint an example is femoral condyle

What is a epicondyle and an example

Area above or upon a condyle an example is femoral epicondyle

What is a border and an example

edge of bone a example is interosseous border

What is a crest and an example

upper ridge of bone an example is iliac crest