Bioenergetics let's go

catabolism

energy-producing, convergent pathway that breaks down larger, complex molecules into smaller pieces

anabolism

divergent pathways use energy to build complex structures; aka biosynthesis

all chemical reactions are influenced by 2 forces:

1. tendency to achieve highest degree of randomness

2. tendency to achieve most stable bonding state

bioenergetics

quantitative study of energy transduction (changes of one form of energy into another)

ΔG

free energy; expresses amount of energy capable of doing work during a reaction at constant temperature and pressure

if ΔG’ = 0, the reaction is _________

at equilibrium

free energies of reactions are __________

additive

is ΔG a true representation of the free energy change in a reaction?

no; ΔG assumes standard conditions and doesn’t take into account the actual concentrations of reactants and products

the free energy change of a reaction is ___________ of the pathway by which the reaction occurs

independent

units for ΔG

kJ/mol

do hydrolysis reactions tend to be spontaneous/favorable or nonspontaneous/unfavorable?

strongly favorable

why is the hydrolysis of ATP favorable?

better charge separation in products, more favorable resonance stabilization of products, better solvation of products