Genetics and Molecular Biology Vocabulary

A set of vocabulary flashcards defining key general academic and molecular genetics concepts covered in the lecture.

Alter

To change something in some way

Benefit

A helpful or positive result

Correspond

To match, agree with, or be directly related to something else

Chromosome

A structure made of DNA and proteins that carries genetic information

Complementary

Matching in a specific way; in DNA, A pairs with T and C pairs with G

Component

One part of a larger system or structure

Consistent

Staying the same or following the same pattern over time

Transcription

The process of copying DNA instructions into messenger RNA (mRNA)

Translation

The process in which a ribosome reads mRNA to build a protein

Protein

A biomolecule made of amino acids that performs many functions in cells

Base Pairing

The specific matching of bases: A with T in DNA (or U in RNA), and C with G

Mutation

A change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA