Skeletal System Overview

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms related to the skeletal system, based on the provided lecture notes.

Achondroplasia

A genetic disorder resulting in dwarfism due to abnormal cartilage formation.

Ostealgia

Pain in the bones.

Osteitis

Inflammation of bone.

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

A genetic disorder characterized by fragile bones that break easily.

Osteomyelitis

An infection in the bone.

Osteosarcoma

A type of bone cancer that starts in the cells forming bones.

Pathologic Fracture

A fracture caused by a disease that weakens the bone.

Chiropractic

A system of therapy that focuses on diagnosis and treatment of mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal system.

Laminectomy

Surgical removal of the bony encasement of the spinal cord, typically to relieve pressure.

Spina Bifida

A birth defect where there is incomplete closing of the backbone and membranes around the spinal cord.

Synovitis

Inflammation of the synovial membrane.

Hyaline Cartilage

The most common type of cartilage that provides support and flexibility.

Elastic Cartilage

Cartilage that contains numerous elastic fibers and is more flexible than hyaline cartilage.

Fibrocartilage

Tough form of cartilage that provides support and absorbs shock.

Schwann cells

Cells in the peripheral nervous system that produce myelin.

Compact Bone

Dense bone that forms the outer layer of bones.

Spongy Bone

Porous bone that forms the inner layer, typically containing bone marrow.

Osteoblasts

Cells that synthesize bone.

Osteoclasts

Cells that break down bone.

Ossification

The process of bone tissue formation.

Intramembranous Ossification

Process by which bone develops from fibrous membranes.

Endochondral Ossification

Process by which bone forms by replacing hyaline cartilage.

Open Reduction

Surgical procedure to align fractured bone ends.

Comminuted Fracture

A fracture where the bone is shattered into pieces.