Macromolecules: The Building Blocks of Life

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering the four major macromolecules, their monomer units, functions, and roles in living organisms.

Macromolecule

A huge molecule made up of smaller building block molecules called monomers; essential for life and bodily functions such as muscle structure and DNA.

Monomer

A small molecule that acts as a building block; multiple monomers snap or link together to form a macromolecule.

Carbohydrate

A macromolecule that serves as the body's fuel for quick energy and provides plant structure; commonly found in foods like bread.

Monosaccharide

The monomer building block of carbohydrates, consisting of simple sugars such as glucose.

Starch

A macromolecule used for energy storage in plants that is formed by linking many glucose (sugar) molecules together.

Lipid

A macromolecule that functions in long-term energy storage, insulation, and protecting organs; found in foods such as butter.

Fatty Acids and Glycerol

The monomer building blocks that combine to form lipids.

Protein

A macromolecule that builds bodily structures (such as muscles) and functions as enzymes, hormones, and antibodies, as well as in regulation and energy.

Amino Acids

The monomer building blocks that link together to make proteins.

Nucleic Acid

A macromolecule that stores, copies, and transmits genetic information; examples include DNA and RNA.

Nucleotide

The monomer building block that links together to form nucleic acids.

DNA

A nucleic acid that tells cells how to work and stores genetic instructions for life.

RNA

A type of nucleic acid that functions in storing, copying, and transmitting genetic information.

Enzymes

Specialized proteins formed in the body that help digest food.