Purposive Communication Notes

Vocabulary flashcards covering the elements, types, barriers, intercultural aspects, and speech forms in purposive communication.

Communication

A continuous process of exchanging thoughts, ideas, or feelings between two or more people through verbal and nonverbal actions.

Sender

The source who creates and starts the message.

Encoding

How the sender turns ideas into words, actions, or symbols.

Message

The actual information, idea, or feeling being shared.

Channel

The tool or medium used to send a message, such as voice, paper, or phone.

Decoding

How the receiver interprets and makes sense of the message.

Receiver

The person who receives and understands the message.

Feedback

The reply or reaction the receiver gives back to the sender.

Interference

Anything that blocks, disrupts, or affects the clear flow of the message.

Context

The time, place, and situation in which the communication happens.

Oral Communication

Expressing ideas, thoughts, and information through spoken words.

Written Communication

Using written words to convey a message through paper or electronic devices.

Nonverbal Communication

The exchange of information, thoughts, ideas, and feelings without using spoken or written words.

Proxemics

The study of how people use personal space and physical distance during communication, a concept associated with Edward T. Hall in the 1960s.

Paralinguistics

Vocal elements that accompany speech and affect meaning, such as tone, pitch, volume, speech rate, and pauses.

Chronemics

How people use and perceive time to communicate, including punctuality, waiting time, and time spent with others.

Haptics

Communication through touch, such as a handshake.

Intercultural Communication

Communication that takes place when two or more people with different cultural backgrounds interact across cultural boundaries.

High-Context Communication

A communication style where people communicate indirectly, using body language, shared understanding, and context.

Low-Context Communication

A direct and clear communication style where people say exactly what they mean, with less reliance on body language or shared understanding.

Ethnocentrism

Judging another culture using the standards and values of your own culture, often assuming one's own culture is the normal or correct way.

Stereotyping

Having oversimplified ideas or beliefs about a particular group and assuming everyone in that group is the same.

Cultural Assumptions

Assuming that people from another culture think, behave, or communicate the same way we do.

Intercultural Communication Competence

Having the knowledge, attitudes, and skills needed to communicate appropriately and effectively with people from different cultural backgrounds.

Public Speaking

The formal practice of delivering an organized speech to an audience.

Informative Speech

A speech that gives clear and factual information to educate, clarify, or increase knowledge without attempting to persuade.

Persuasive Speech

A speech designed to change someone's opinion, belief, decision, or action using ethos, pathos, or logos.

Demonstrative Speech

A speech that teaches the audience how to do or complete something by showing steps or demonstrating a procedure.

Impromptu Speech

A speech delivered without much or any preparation.

Debate Speech

A structured speech consisting of constructive or rebuttal speeches that uses arguments and refutations.

Ceremonial Speech

A speech given during a special occasion to honor, celebrate, or recognize someone or something.

Ethos

A persuasive appeal based on the speaker's credibility.

Pathos

A persuasive appeal made to the audience's emotions.

Logos

A persuasive appeal made to the audience's logic.