obli

What is Article 1162?

states that obligations arising from quasi-delicts are governed by Articles 2176–2194 of the Civil Code and special laws. A quasi-delict is an act or omission that causes damage to another through fault or negligence, without an existing contractual relation.

What is Article 1163?

states that a person obliged to give something must take care of it with the diligence of a good father of a family, unless the law or agreement requires another standard.

What is Article 1164?

states that the creditor has the right to the fruits of the thing from the time the obligation to deliver it arises.

What is Article 1165?

states that for a determinate thing, the creditor may compel delivery and claim damages. For a generic thing, the creditor may have the obligation performed at the debtor's expense.

What is Article 1166?

states that an obligation to deliver a determinate thing includes its accessions and accessories, even if they are not mentioned.

What is Article 1167?

states that if the debtor fails to do what was agreed, it may be performed at the debtor's expense. If it was done improperly, it may be undone at the debtor's expense.

What is Article 1168?

states that if a person does something that was forbidden, it must be undone at their expense.

What is Article 1169?

states that a person is in delay when they fail to perform after a judicial or extrajudicial demand, except in cases where demand is not necessary.

What is Article 1170?

states that those who commit fraud, negligence, delay, or contravene the terms of their obligation are liable for damages.

What is Article 1171?

states that responsibility arising from fraud is demandable in all obligations, and any waiver of future fraud is void.

What is Article 1172?

states that liability arising from negligence may be regulated by the courts depending on the circumstances.

What is Article 1173?

defines negligence as failing to use the diligence required by the nature of the obligation and the circumstances of the persons, time, and place.

What is Article 1174?

states that a person is generally not responsible for unforeseeable or inevitable events, unless an exception applies.

What is Article 1176?

provides presumptions that interest has been paid when the principal is received without reservation, and earlier installments have been paid when a later installment is received without reservation.

What is Article 1177?

allows creditors to exercise the rights and actions of the debtor, except those that are personal to the debtor.

What is Article 1178?

states that rights acquired through an obligation are generally transmissible unless the parties agreed otherwise.

What is Article 1179?

states that a pure obligation is demandable at once because it is not subject to a condition or period.

What is Article 1180?

deals with obligations whose fulfillment depends on the will of the debtor and when they become demandable.

What is Article 1181?

states that in a conditional obligation, the acquisition or loss of rights depends on the happening of the condition.

What is Article 1182?

states that a suspensive condition depending solely on the debtor's will makes the obligation void, while a resolutory condition depending solely on the debtor's will is valid.

What is Article 1183?

states that impossible, unlawful, or prohibited conditions generally annul the obligation.

What is Article 1184?

states that when an event must happen at a determinate time, the obligation is extinguished when the time expires or it becomes certain that the event will not happen.

What is Article 1185?

states that when an event must not happen at a determinate time, the obligation becomes effective when the time passes or it becomes certain that the event cannot happen.

What is Article 1186?

states that a condition is considered fulfilled when the obligor voluntarily prevents its fulfillment.

What is Article 1187?

states that once a conditional obligation to give is fulfilled, its effects generally go back to the date when the obligation was created.

What is Article 1188?

allows the creditor to take actions to preserve their rights before the condition is fulfilled.

What is Article 1189?

provides the rules when the thing to be delivered is lost, damaged, or improved while waiting for a suspensive condition.

What is Article 1190?

states that when a resolutory condition is fulfilled, the parties must return what they received from each other.

What is Article 1191?

gives the injured party in a reciprocal obligation the choice between fulfillment or rescission, with damages in either case.

What is Article 1192?

states that when both parties breach their obligations, the court may equitably reduce the liability of the first infractor. If the first infractor cannot be determined, the contract is extinguished and each party bears their own damages.