Speech-Language Development (milestones and characteristics)

Preverbal, single word, expansion, and elaboration periods (0-60 months)

Canonical babbling

ex: “bababa”

PREVERBAL PERIOD (0-12 months)

Variegated babbling

Varying consonant and vowel sounds in a line of babble

PREVERBAL PERIOD (0-12 months)

Jargon/complex babbling

Variegated babbling but with intonation

PREVERBAL PERIOD (0-12 months)

Preverbal period milestones

3 months: Reflexive communication, coos & goos

3-8 months: Canonical babble

8-12 months: Jargon/complex babble

8-12 months

Intentional communication (age?)

Preverbal period

Period during which children form phonetic categories through hearing & encoding sounds

Preverbal period

0-12 months

Single word period

12-24 months

Protowords

Invented words during transition from preverbal period to speech

Over-extension

Word is applied too broadly

Under-extension

Word is applied too narrowly

12 months

First words milestone

18 months

Child has 50 word vocab at…?

18-24 months

Vocabulary spurt (due to fast-mapping!)

Nouns

First words are mostly…

Greater

In the Single Word Period, comprehension is ______ than production

Expansion period

24-36 months

total # morphemes / # utterances

Mean Length of Utterance (MLU)

3 years

What age will a child master most vowels by?

600

How many words should a child have around age 3?

Nasals, glides, bilabials

What speech sounds do children acquire in the Expansion Period?

Expansion period

When children enter the multi-word stage

Expansion period two-word utterances

• agent + action

• agent +object

• action + object

• action + location

More

In the Expansion Period (24-36 months), children appear to adults to understand a lot ____ than they actually do.

Elaboration period

36-60 months

Overgeneralization

Errors in “stretching” grammatical rules (ex: runned vs. ran)

Elaboration period

Multi word stage, longer utterances

agent + action + object

Utterance formula in the Elaboration period

Elaboration period

Still learning grammatical morphology, syntactic rules, different sentence types, “later” consonants and clusters

48-60 months

Age when children begin to learn passive voice, figurative language, and metalinguistic skills

48 months

Most stops acquired by… (age)

Fricatives, affricates, clusters, liquids

Latest acquired speech sounds, continue to develop beyond age 5