Anatomy Upper Limb - Muscles, Nerves, Blood Vessels

Trapezius

Action: elevates scapula, retracts scapula, depresses scapula

Latissimus Dorsi

Action: adducts arm, extends arm, medially rotates arm

Innervation: thoracodorsal nerve

Levator Scapulae

Action: elevates scapula

Rhomboid Major, Rhomboid Minor

Action: retracts scapula

Iliocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis

Action: bilaterally - extend head and vertebral column; unilaterally - lateral flexion of head and vertebral column

Innervation: dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Subscapularis

Action: medially rotates arm

Supraspinatus

Action: abducts arm

Infraspinatus, Teres Minor

Action: laterally rotates arm

Serratus Anterior

Action: protracts scapula, holds scapula against thoracic wall, rotates scapula

Innervation: long thoracic nerve

Pectoralis Major

Action: abducts arm, medially rotates arm

Pectoralis Minor

Action: protracts scapula, elevates ribs

Biceps Brachii

Action: flex forearm, supinates forearm, slight arm flexion

Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve

Coracobrachialis

Action: flex arm, adducts arm

Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve

Brachialis

Action: flex forearm

Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve

Triceps Brachii

Action: extends forearm, extends arm (long head only)

Innervation: radial nerve

Pronator Teres

Action: pronate forearm, flex elbow

Innervation: median nerve

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Action: flex wrist, abduct wrist

Innervation: median nerve

Palmaris Longus

Action: flex wrist

Innervation: median nerve

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Action: flex wrist, adduct wrist

Innervation: ulnar nerve

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Action: flex digits 2-5, flex wrist

Innervation: median nerve

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Action: flex digits 2-5, flex wrist

Innervation: median nerve (2-3), ulnar nerve (4-5)

Flexor Policis Longus

Action: flex pollex, flex wrist

Innervation: median nerve

Pronator Quadratus

Action: pronate forearm

Innervation: median nerve

Brachioradialis

Action: flex elbow

Innervation: radial nerve

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Action: extend wrist, abduct wrist

Innervation: radial nerve

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

Action: extend wrist, abduct wrist

Innervation: radial nerve

Extensor Digitorum

Action: extend wrist, extend digits 2-5

Innervation: radial nerve

Extensor Digiti Minimi

Action: extend wrist, extend digit 5

Innervation: radial nerve

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Action: extend wrist, adduct wrist

Innervation: radial nerve

Anconeus

Action: extend elbow

Innervation: radial nerve

Supinator

Action: supinate forearm

Innervation: radial nerve

Abductor Policis Longus

Action: abduct pollex, extend pollex

Innervation: radial nerve

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

Action: extend pollex

Innervation: radial nerve

Extensor Pollicis Longus

Action: extend pollex

Innervation: radial nerve

Extensor Indicis

Action: extend digit 2

Innervation: radial nerve

Abductor Digiti Minimi

Action: abduct digit 5

Innervation: ulnar nerve

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

Action: flex digit 5

Innervation: ulnar nerve

Opponens Digiti Minimi

Action: opposes digit 5

Innervation: ulnar nerve

Abductor Policis Brevis

Action: abducts pollex

Innervation: median nerve

Flexor Pollicis Brevis

Action: flexes pollex

Innervation: median nerve

Opponens Pollicis

Action: opposes pollex

Innervation: median nerve

Lumbrical (1-4)

Action: flex the metacarpophalangeal joint, extend the interphalangeal joints

Innervation: median nerve (1-2), ulnar nerve (3-4)

Adductor Pollicis

Action: adducts pollex

Innervation: ulnar nerve

Palmar Interrossei

Action: adduction of digits

Innervation: ulnar nerve

Dorsal Interrossei

Action: abduction of the digits

Innervation: ulnar nerve