Unit 3 AP Human Geography

Culture

Groups learned behaviors, actions, beliefs, and objects

Material Culture

Tangible elements of culture

Artifacts

Physical elements of a culture

Nonmaterial Culture

Intangible elements of a culture

Mentifacts

Beliefs, values, practices, and aesthetics

Sociofacts

Organization of society (family structure, government, sports teams, education systems)

Cultural trait

Individual elements of culture (visible and invisible)

Cultural Complex

Series of interrelated traits (greetings)

Cultural Diffusion

Ways/patterns that are spread out by culture

Cultural Hearths

Origin of cultural trait

Taboos

Things discouraged by culture

Traditional Culture

Folk and indigenous cultures

Folk Culture

Beliefs/practices of a small group, isolated

Indigenous Culture

Members of ethnic group in ancestral lands

Popular Culture

When pop culture spreads over a large area quickly

Global Culture

When cultural traits are adopted worldwide

Cultural Landscape

Built environment of a culture

Traditional Architecture

Architecture that reflects a local culture’s history, beliefs, values, and adaptations to the environment

Postmodern Architecture

Architecture style developed afters the 1960s with tall structures, steel and glass, skyscrapers, curves, and colors

Contemporary Architecture

Emerged in the 21st century, stretches size and height limits of structures and reflects a city’s wealth/corporate power

Ethnic Enclaves

Clusters of people with the same culture surrounded by different, dominant culture (ex. Chinatown)

Ethnic Island

Develops in rural areas with higher proportions of a certain ethnicity

Sequent Occupancy

Groups moving in and out of neihgborhoods and leaving new cultural imprints on landscape

Neolocalism

Re-embracing uniqueness and authenticity of a place