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Acculturation

the process by which people within one culture adopt some of the traits of another while still retaining their own distinct culture.

Assimilation

a category of acculturation in which the interaction of two cultures results in one culture adopting almost all of the customs, traditions, language, and other cultural traits of the other.

collectivist cultures

a culture in which people are expected to conform to collective responsibility within the family and to be obedient to and respectful of elder family members.

contagious diffusion

the process by which an idea or cultural trait spreads rapidly among people of all social classes and levels of power

Creolization

the blending of two or more languages that may not include the features of either original language.

cultural appropriation

the act of adopting elements of another culture.

cultural convergence

the process by which cultures become more similar through interaction.

cultural divergence

the process by which cultures become less similar due to conflicting beliefs or other barriers.

cultural hearth

an area where cultural traits develop and from which cultural traits diffuse.

diffusion

the process by which a cultural trait spreads from one place to another over time.

expansion diffusion

the spread of a cultural trait outward from where it originated.

hierarchical diffusion

the spread of an idea or trait from a person or place of power or authority to other people or places.

intersectionality

the theory that forms of discrimination based on identity such as race, class, gender or sexuality interact to produce interdependent and overlapping systems of oppression

lingua franca

common language used among speakers of different languages

Multiculturalism

a situation in which different cultures live together without assimilating.

stimulus diffusion

the process by which a cultural trait or idea spreads to another culture or region but is modified to adapt to the new culture.

Syncretism

process of innovation combining different cultural features into something new.