Psychiatric Nursing: OCD, PTSD, Dissociative and Somatic Disorders

What characterizes Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?

A pattern of uncontrollable obsessive thoughts and associated compulsive behaviors or rituals.

What are common compulsive behaviors in OCD?

Cleaning, washing hands, ordering or counting objects, and engaging in rituals.

What are obsessions in the context of OCD?

Recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges, or images that are intrusive and unwanted, causing marked anxiety or distress.

What is the time requirement for OCD symptoms to be considered significant?

Symptoms must be time-consuming, taking more than one hour per day.

What is the primary treatment approach for OCD?

Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) is the gold standard therapy for OCD.

What is Body Dysmorphic Disorder?

A persistent preoccupation with perceived defects or flaws in one's appearance, leading to excessive grooming and seeking reassurance.

What distinguishes hoarding from collecting?

Hoarding involves a persistent difficulty in discarding possessions, leading to clutter that overwhelms living areas.

What is Trichotillomania?

A disorder characterized by the ritualized behavior of pulling out one's hair, often triggered by boredom or anxiety.

What is Excoriation Disorder?

A pattern of recurrent skin picking that results in lesions and significant time spent on the behavior.

What are common medication treatments for OCD?

SSRIs, Clomipramine (TCA), SNRIs, and antipsychotic augmentation with medications like Aripiprazole.

What is PTSD?

A mental health condition triggered by exposure to a traumatic event, characterized by re-experiencing, avoidance, and increased arousal.

What mnemonic can help remember PTSD symptoms?

Traumatic event, Recurrent recollections, Avoidance, Unable to function, Month long symptoms, Arousal increased.

What is Dissociative Amnesia?

An inability to remember important personal information, often linked to a stressful or traumatic event.

What defines Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)?

A disruption of identity characterized by two or more distinct personality states and sudden changes in consciousness and behavior.

What is the difference between depersonalization and derealization?

Depersonalization is feeling disconnected from oneself, while derealization is feeling disconnected from the environment.

What are common treatments for dissociative disorders?

Therapies include skills training, trauma-focused CBT, EMDR, and support groups.

What is Somatic Symptom Disorder?

A condition where emotional distress is expressed through physical symptoms that are medically unexplained.

What is Illness Anxiety Disorder?

Intense anxiety about having or developing a serious illness, often leading to excessive health-related behaviors.

What characterizes Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder?

Symptoms resembling a neurological disorder without an identifiable neurological cause.

What is Factitious Disorder?

Intentionally falsifying or inducing symptoms to ********************, without obvious external rewards.

What are common medication treatments for somatic disorders?

SSRIs, SNRIs, and TCAs for pain and sleep issues.

What are some therapeutic approaches for somatic disorders?

CBT, support groups, and lifestyle changes such as regular exercise and sleep hygiene.

What is the significance of time in diagnosing OCD?

Must be time-consuming, often taking more than one hour per day, to qualify as a disorder.

What is the role of medications in treating dissociative disorders?

No medications treat dissociation itself; they are used to manage co-occurring symptoms like anxiety and depression.

What is the main focus of Exposure and Response Prevention therapy?

To help patients confront their fears and reduce compulsive behaviors associated with OCD.

What are the physical manifestations of Excoriation Disorder?

Lesions on the skin, often found on hands, face, and arms, due to recurrent skin picking.

What is the impact of OCD on daily functioning?

Can impair social, occupational, and other areas of functioning due to the time-consuming nature of obsessions and compulsions.