Session 5 - Mitosis and Meiosis

Describe the relationship between DNA molecules, chromosomes and chromatids

DNA is wound around histones, which form chromatin, which forms solenoid which coils to form the arms of chromosome.

Chromosome replicates during S phase to form 2 identical (sister) chromatids, joined together at centromere.

The centromere have no function, since they contain repetitive sequences.

Outline and describe chromosome and chromatid structure

Appreciate how metaphase spreads can be used in chromosome analysis

Appreciate how chromosome banding patterns can be used in karyotypes and ideograms

Explain the difference between a gene and allele

An allele is an alternative version of a gene.

Describe the general outline of each phase within the process of mitosis and meosis

Recognise each mitotic (and meiotic) phase on photographs or diagrams

Explain how genetically identical daughter cells are created during mitosis, and how genetic variation is created during meiosis

Explain how genetically identical daughter cells are created during mitosis, and how genetic variation is created during meiosis

Explain how mitotic non-disjunction can lead to trisomy and mosaicism and how meiotic nondisjunction leads to trisomy and monosomy

Compare and contrast spermatogenesis and oogenesis

Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis