Seminar Nursing Week 2

Florence Nightingale

Pioneered the Environmental Theory, emphasizing that clean air, water, light, and warmth influence healing and recovery.

Mary Seacole

Jamaican-British nurse and businesswoman who independently cared for wounded soldiers on active Crimean War battlefields despite racial discrimination.

Mary Eliza Mahoney

The first African American licensed nurse and co-founder of the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses (NACGN).

Clara Barton

Civil War caregiver known as the 'Angel of the Battlefield' and founder of the American Red Cross.

Walt Whitman

Dedicated volunteer battlefield nurse during the Civil War who wrote about his experiences in The Wound Dresser.

Lillian Wald

Founder of public health nursing who opened the Henry Street Settlement in NYC to provide community-based care.

Isabel Adams Hampton Robb

First president of the ANA who helped standardize nursing education and wrote early medical-surgical and ethics textbooks.

Mary Adelaide Nutting

World's first professor of nursing (at Columbia University, 1907) who successfully integrated nursing into the university system.

Loretta C. Ford

Co-developed the first nurse practitioner (NP) program at the University of Colorado in 1965.

Luther Christman

First male Dean of a U.S. nursing school (Vanderbilt), founder of the American Association for Men in Nursing, and pioneer in breaking gender barriers in nursing.

Virginia Henderson

Created the Need Theory featuring 14 basic human needs and defined three nursing roles: substitutive, supplementary, and complementary.

Dorothea Orem

Developed the Self-Care Deficit Theory, assuming patients want to be independent and that nursing care is only needed when self-care fails.

Martha Rogers

Developed the Science of Unitary Human Beings, focusing on treating the whole person as an energy field interacting with the environment.

Jean Watson

Authored the Theory of Human Caring, emphasizing that caring relationships and compassion are the core essence of nursing.

Betty Neuman

Created the Systems Model, viewing patients as open systems responding to environmental stressors via primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.

Hildegard Peplau

Developed the Interpersonal Relations Theory, focusing on how therapeutic nurse-patient relationships and communication promote healing.

Patricia Benner

Authored the 'Novice to Expert' model, explaining how nurses develop clinical skills and judgment over time.

Madeleine Leininger

Developed the Theory of Cultural Care Diversity and Universality, focusing on providing culturally congruent care.

The Goldmark Report (1923)

A landmark report that advocated for the creation of nursing education programs matching university standards.

Environmental Theory

Nightingale's framework stating that a manipulated clean environment is essential for patient recovery.

Self-Care Deficit Theory

Orem's theory focusing on increasing patient independence by supporting or teaching self-care capacities.

Interpersonal Relations Theory

Peplau's middle-range theory emphasizing that the therapeutic relationship itself promotes psychological growth and healing.

Novice to Expert Model

Benner's framework detailing the stages of clinical competence and judgment development in nurses.