Describe the anatomical factors that increase risk of pneumonia

what are the anatomical factors that increase risk of pneumonia

right bronchus anatomy, mucocilliary apparatus damage, normal flora in lower respiratory tract, atelectasis

right bronchus anatomy

right bronchus is striaghter/more verticle then the left causing material from the oropharynx to travel into the right, middle and lower lobes increasing the risk of aspiration pneumonia 

Aspiration pneumonia

lung infection after something from mouth or stomach enters the lungs 

Mucociliary apparatus damage

If damaged then infectious agents and particles can be inhaled and move into the lower respiratory tract

Normal flora in lower respiratory tract 

Upper respiratory tract has normal bacteria/normal flora but the lower respiratory tract has little/none → if bacteria gets in the lower respiratory tract that can cause infection/pneumonia 

Atelectasis 

Collapse of a small number of alveoli because of compression or obstruction, preventing alveolar inflation 

atelectasis is common in

post op patients

what can we use after surgery to prevent/reverse atelectasis

incenctive spirometer