Lecture 2.03 - Appendicular Skeleton 2 - Attachments and Actions

iliopsoas group

iliacus and psoas major

iliacus actions

flexes thigh

iliacus origin

iliac fossa

iliacus insertion

lesser trochanter of femur

psoas major actions

flexes thigh

psoas major origin

transverse processes and bodies of T12-L5 vertebrae

psoas major insertion

lesser trochanter of femur

psoas minor actions

flexes the lumbar vertebral column

psoas minor origin

vertebral bodies of T12 and L1

psoas minor insertion

pectineal line of pubis

pectineus actions

adducts thigh and flexes thigh

pectineus origin

pectineal line of pubis

pectineus insertion

pectineal line of femur

adductor longus actions

adducts thigh and flexes thigh

adductor longus origin

pubis near pubic symphysis

adductor longus insertion

linea aspera of femur

gracilis actions

adducts thigh, flexes thigh, and flexes leg

gracilis origin

inferior ramus and body of pubis

gracilis insertion

proximal medial surface of tibia (pes anserinus)

adductor brevis actions

adducts thigh and flexes thigh

adductor brevis origin

inferior ramus and body of pubis

adductor brevis insertion

linea aspera of femur

adductor magnus actions

adducts thigh; adductor part: flexes and medially rotates thigh; hamstring part: extends and laterally rotates thigh

adductor magnus origin

inferior ramus of pubis and ischial tuberosity of ischium

adductor magnus insertion

adductor part: adductor tubercle of femur; hamstring part: linea aspera of femur

obturator externus actions

laterally rotates thigh

obturator externus origin

anterior surface of obturator membrane

obturator externus insertion

trochanteric fossa (on posterior medial surface of greater trochanter of femur)

tensor fasciae latae actions

abducts thigh, medially rotates thigh, and flexes thigh; also flexes and lateral rotates the knee

tensor fasciae latae origin

iliac crest and lateral surface of anterior superior iliac spine

tensor fasciae latae insertion

gerdy’s tubercle via iliotibial tract (band)

gluteus maximus actions

extends thigh and laterally rotates thigh

gluteus maximus origin

iliac crest, sacrum, and coccyx

gluteus maximus insertion

iliotibial tract of fascia lata, linea aspera, and gluteal tuberosity of femur

gluteus medius actions

abducts thigh and medially rotates thigh

gluteus medius origin

posterior iliac crest, gluteal surface of ilium between posterior and anterior gluteal lines

gluteus medius insertion

greater trochanter of femur

gluteus minimus actions

abducts thigh and medially rotates thigh

gluteus minimus origin

gluteal surface of ilium between inferior and anterior gluteal lines

gluteus minimus insertion

greater trochanter of femur

piriformis origin

anterolateral surface of sacrum

piriformis insertion

greater trochanter of femur

superior gemellus origin

ischial spine and tuberosity

superior gemellus insertion

obturator internus tendon

obturator internus origin

posterior surface of obturator membrane

obturator internus insertion

greater trochanter of femur

inferior gemellus origin

ischial tuberosity

inferior gemellus insertion

obturator internus tendon

quadratus femoris origin

lateral border of ischial tuberosity

quadratus femoris insertion

intertrochenteric crest of femur

biceps femoris long head actions

extends the thigh, flexes the knee, laterally rotates leg when knee is slight flexed

biceps femoris short head actions

flexes the knee, laterally rotates leg when knee is slightly flexed

biceps femoris long head origin

ischial tuberosity

biceps femoris short head origin

linea aspera of femur

biceps femoris insertion

head of fibula

semimembranosus actions

extends thigh, flexes leg, and medially rotates leg when knee is slightly flexed

semimembranosus origin

ischial tuberosity

semimembranosus insertion

posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia

semitendinosus actions

extends thigh, flexes leg, and medially rotates leg when knee is slightly flexed

semitendinosus origin

ischial tuberosity

semitendinosus insertion

proximal medial surface of tibia (pes anserinus)

sartorius actions

flexes thigh and laterally rotates thigh; flexes leg

sartorius origin

anterior superior iliac spine

sartorius insertion

proximal medial surface of tibia (pes anserinus)

rectus femoris actions

extends leg and flexes thigh

rectus femoris origin

anterior inferior iliac spine

vastus lateralis actions

extends leg

vastus lateralis origin

greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur

vastus medialis actions

extends leg

vastus medialis origin

intertrochanteric line and linea aspera of femur

distal attachment (insertion) for all quadriceps

tibial tuberosity via quadriceps tendon, patella, and patellar ligament

vastus intermedius actions

extends leg

vastus intermedius origin

anterolateral surface of femur

tibialis anterior actions

dorsiflexes foot and inverts foot

tibialis anterior origin

lateral condyle and proximal shaft of tibia as well as interosseous membrane

tibialis anterior insertion

metatarsal 1 and medial cuneiform

extensor digitorum longus actions

extends digits 2-5 and dorsiflexes foot

extensor hallucis longus

extends hallux and dorsiflexes foot

fibularis tertius actions

dorsiflexes foot and weakly everts foot

fibularis teritius origin

anterior distal surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

fibuarlis tertius insertion

base of metatarsal V

fibularis longus actions

everts foot, weakly plantar flexes

fibularis longus origin

head and superior two thirds of fibula, as well as lateral condyle of tibia

fibularis longus insertion

base of metatarsal 1 and medial cuneiform

fibularis brevis actions

everts foot, weakly plantar flexes

fibularis brevis origin

midlateral shaft of fibula

fibularis brevis insertion

base of metatarsal V

gastrocnemius actions

flexes leg and plantar flexes foot

gastrocnemius origin

superior posterior surfaces of lateral and medial condyles of femur

gastrocnemius insertion

calcaneus via achille’s (calcaneal) tendon

soleus actions

plantar flexes foot

soleus origin

head and proximal shaft of fibula, and medial border of tibia (soleal line of tibia)

soleus insertion

calcaneus via achilles (calcaneal) tendon

plantaris actions

weak leg flexor and plantar flexor

plantaris origin

lateral supracondylar ridge of femur

plantaris insertion

posterior region of calcaneus

popliteus actions

flexes leg and medially rotates tibia to unlock the knee

popliteus origin

lateral condyle of femur

popliteus insertion

posterior proximal surface of tibia (soleal line)

tibialis posterior actions

plantar flexes foot and inverts foot