BSCI223: DNA Structure & Replication

What is usually circular?

Chromosomal DNA

What does a complete cell DNA sequence refer to?

Genome

What is the factors of a bacterial chromosome?

Supercoiled and highly compacted

How much DNA does a cell contain?

A lot relative to their size

What is chromosomal DNA arranged as?

Nucleoid

Chromosomal DNA coils to form loops of coiled DNA, multiple loops are held by what?

Anchoring proteins

In a bacterial genome, how many base pairs are there?

0.5-10 million

In a bacterial genome, how many genes are there?

500-10000 genes

In a human genome, how many base pairs are there?

Around 3 billion

In a human genome, how many genes are there?

24000 genes

How many base pairs and genes does E. coli have?

Around 4 million base pairs and 4000 genes

E. coli genome has very little “junk” and uses less DNA sequence. What does this mean?

Most DNA sequences code for genes and about 1000 bases in typical bacterial gene

What are the chain of nucleotides in a DNA structure?

Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine

What are the chain of nucleotides in a RNA structure?

Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil

What is included in DNA structure?

Complementary nucleotides, hydrogen bonding, double strands, helix

Review Nucleic Acid structure slide

Base-pairing combines DNA strands. What direction must strands be oriented?

Opposite directions

DNA strands wind around each other in what form?

Helix

Bases are added to which end only?

3’

Bases in one strand are what to the other?

complementary

Review DNA structure and mechanism of growth