Thẻ ghi nhớ: IEI-AD-History

sovereignty (n)

Sub-topic: History.

The power of a country to control its own government.

(Children of primary and secondary schools in my village are taught about how their ancestors defended their land against outside intruders and reclaimed ........................)

value (v)

Sub-topic: History.

Consider something important.

(Many people have ................. the role of local history to schoolchildren over that of world history.)

encourage patriotism

Sub-topic: History.

To increase the feeling of loving your country more than any others and being proud of it.

(Learning about how our ancestors fought against invaders for thousands of years to protect the freedom of our people will .................... among young students.)

invaluable lessons

Sub-topic: History.

If you describe something as invaluable , you mean that it is extremely useful.

(College is an environment for learning, after all, and learning how to resolve differences maturely is an ............... to impart.)

genealogy (n)

Sub-topic: History.

(the study of) the history of the past and present members of a family or families.

(Modern media encourages................. as it is believed to be important for us to know about how our ancestors lived in the past.)

family tree

Sub-topic: History.

A drawing that shows the relationships between the different members of a family, especially over a long period of time.

(Tracing the .................... can help us gain an insight into our family background to develop a strong sense of who we really are.)

family heritage

Sub-topic: History.

Shared culture, history, religion, artifacts, and general way of life within a family.

(Having a ........................ is beneficial on numerous levels and celebrating it is far simpler than many people realize.)

personality trait

Sub-topic: History.

A relatively stable, consistent, and enduring internal characteristic that is inferred from a pattern of behaviors, attitudes, feelings, and habits in the individual.

(Most people research their family history to find out whether their ancestors had similar .................. and to have a deeper understanding about their roots and heritage.)

cultural legacy

Sub-topic: History.

The inheritance of cultural traits that influence our success or failure.

(It is even more important for children to carry on such valuable and unique traditions, given that this fast changing world is somehow making younger generations ignore the ................... that their ancestors left behind.)

interpret (v)

Sub-topic: History.

Decide what the intended meaning of something is.

(Each historical event is ....... differently based on different facts and perspectives, so there is no guarantee of the accuracy of the information.)

falsify (v)

Sub-topic: History.

Change something, such as a document, in order to deceive people.

(If, in many cases, historical documents were ........., it would cause tremendous damage for people's culture and religion.)

gratitude (n)

Sub-topic: History.

The feeling or quality of being grateful.

(We want to express our ................. for their trust and for letting us manage the initial steps of the investigation.)

historical background

Sub-topic: History.

Teaching students about the other countries' historical backgrounds would benefit young learners in their future career.

(Students who accumulate ....................... knowledge of this particular field at an early age will be more likely to work for foreign enterprises, especially those who highly value company culture like Japan.)

allocate (v)

Sub-topic: History.

Give something to someone as their share of a total amount, to use in a particular way.

(It is not the job of the investigating committee to ............... blame to individuals.)

inherit (v)

Sub-topic: History.

Be born with the same physical or mental characteristics as one of your parents or grandparents.

(He eventually took over his mothers fleet of ships and appeared to ................. her nautical skills.)

ancient artifacts

Sub-topic: History.

Old object made by a human being.

(In more recent years, many ................... have been discovered from the surrounding sea, mostly pieces of old pottery.)

well-rounded (a)

Sub-topic: History.

involving or having experience in a wide range of ideas or activities.

(Acquiring knowledge about the world's past events equips students with a more ................... perspective of life.)

indispensable (a)

Sub-topic: History.

Something or someone that is indispensable is so good or important that you could not manage without it, him, or her.

(It is commonly accepted that military reconnaissance is an ................... necessity and inherent component of war.)

intruder (n)

Sub-topic: History.

someone who is in a place or situation where they are not wanted.

(The youth need to understand how their ancestors defended the nation against ............... throughout many dynasties and maintain a sovereign and free country, which will develop their patriotism and pride.)

privilege (n)

Sub-topic: History.

An advantage that only one person or group of people has, usually because of their position or because they are rich.

(It is not only students' ................. but also their responsibility to know about their own history to understand their hometown's traditional values and identity.)

Acquire knowledge

Sub-topic: History.

Get understanding of or information about a subject

(................. about the world's past events equips students with a more well-rounded perspective of life.)

Enhance understanding

Sub-topic: History.

Increase understanding.

(Lessons about the World War or Feminism protest against women's abuse and discrimination would help students ..................... about various aspects of the world.)

contradicting views

Sub-topic: History.

If two or more facts, ideas, or statements are contradictory, they state or imply that opposite things are true.

(While many people suggest that museum and art gallery should focus purely on displaying works that represent the nation's culture and history, others with ............................. affirm that international works are also of great worth.)

affirm (v)

Sub-topic: History.

State something as true.

(While many people suggest that museum and art gallery should focus purely on displaying works that represent the nation's culture and history, others with contradicting views ............ that international works are also of great worth.)

instill (v)

Sub-topic: History.

Put a feeling, idea, or principle gradually into someone's mind, so that it has a strong influence on the way that person thinks or behaves.

(The exhibitions serve an educational purpose as they .................. patriotism and promote a sense of national pride in the citizens of that country.)

indigenous history

Sub-topic: History.

Indigenous communities, peoples, and nations are those that, having a historical continuity with pre-invasion and pre-colonial societies that developed on their territories, consider themselves distinct from other sectors of the societies now prevailing in those territories, or parts of them.

(Museums and art galleries should be places that honor .............................. and culture.)

diversify (v)

Sub-topic: History.

Become varied or different, or to make something varied or different.

(Showing international works of art has several merits, in detail, works from other parts of the world help to .................. the content of museums and art galleries.)

spread knowledge

Sub-topic: History.

Make understanding of a specific topic or field reach a wider or increasing area.

(The ultimate goal of museums and galleries is to ................... and wonder far and wide, therefore, local artifacts and works should be prioritized, while those of other nations can still be exhibited but in separate museums and galleries.)

be aware of one's roots

Sub-topic: History.

Understand about one's origin.

(Learning local history can instill a sense of patriotism because it helps students to be ...................)

a sense of patriotism

Sub-topic: History.

The feeling of attachment and commitment to a country, nation, or political community.

(Learning local history can instill ................... because it helps students to be aware of their roots.)

national current affairs

Sub-topic: History.

Events of political or social interest and importance happening in the world at the present time.

(As a result of their lack of interest in history subject, many young students are now suprisingly ignorant about .........................)

foster national pride

Sub-topic: History.

Increase positive affect that the public feels towards their country as a result of their national identity.

(At high school in Vietnam, the subject of history not only provides students with the knowledge of national history and increase insights into history of the world but also makes great contribution to ..................)

history education

Sub-topic: History.

A study of the past that focuses on educational issues.

(However, .................. is being largely ignored by a large number of students because the contents of the history curricula and textbooks are overloaded and lack reality.)

superficial understanding

Sub-topic: History.

Not have real understanding about something.

(As history education in most schools is sadly lacking, many children have grown up with ................ about their ancestors' past achievements and sacrifice, hence their indifference to national current affairs.)

indifference to

Sub-topic: History.

Lack of interest in someone or something.

(As history education in most schools is sadly lacking, many children have grown up with superficial understanding about their ancestors' past achievements and sacrifice, hence their ..................... to national current affairs.)

in parallel with

Sub-topic: History.

Used to describe an event or situation that happens at the same time as and/or is similar to another one.

(Many people believe that it is far more beneficial for young children to learn local history ..................... with world history.)

holistic perspective

Sub-topic: History.

Opinions relating to the whole of something or to the total system instead of just to its parts.

(Acquiring insights into events that took place in other parts of the world can also give children a more ..................... of what happened in their localities.)

harbor hostile feelings about

Sub-topic: History.

Unfriendly and not liking something.

(Learning exclusively about national history could cause an individual to be biased and ..................... about foreign people.)

mislead

Sub-topic: History.

Cause someone to believe something that is not true.

(In Vietnam, history education mostly features how Vietnam fought against foreign armies such as America or France, .................. many students into thinking that people from these countries are bad.)

impartial

Sub-topic: History.

Not supporting any of the sides involved in an argument.

(In Vietnam, history education mostly features how Vietnam fought against foreign armies such as America or France, misleading many students into thinking that people from these countries are bad. This outlook may be more ................ if they throughly understand those wars in world context.)

pro (n)

Sub-topic: History.

Supporting or agreeing with sth.

(Are you ............ or anti the new bill? )

lay foundation for

Sub-topic: History.

Provide something (such as an idea, a principle, or a fact) from which another thing develops or can develop.

(The key rationale is that discovering local history legacies is adequate, .................. for further development of their own country.)

put heavy emphasis on

Sub-topic: History.

Special or extra importance that is given to an activity or to a part or aspect of something.

(It is understandable why some people ......................on children learning about history.)

in light of

Sub-topic: History.

Because of.

(.................... rapid globalization, only by having a good grasp of foreign countries' history, may young citizens find it easier to respect cultural differences, which is key to mutual understanding and cooperation among nations.)

foster an appreciation for cultural diversity

Sub-topic: History.

Encourage the recognition or understanding that cultural diversity is valuable, important, or as described.

(In addition to ......................., teaching schoolchildren about events that took place in other parts of the world can give them a more accurate and fair outlook on what happened in their nation.)

an alien culture

Sub-topic: History.

One of the compelling reasons as to the waning popularity of museums and historical places among local people is these destinations somewhat impart an overview of the traditions and history in the locality.

(They often attract tourists, who are curious about an .................., than to the locals, those without the need to familiarize themselves with such values.)

impart

Sub-topic: History.

Communicate information to someone.

(One of the compelling reasons as to the waning popularity of museums and historical places among local people is these destinations somewhat .................... an overview of the traditions and history in the locality. They often attract tourists, who are curious about an alien culture, than to the locals, those without the need to familiarize themselves with such values.)

docent (n)

Sub-topic: History.

In some universities and colleges in the US and Europe, a teacher of a rank lower than a professor.

(The government should divert more funding to museums and historical sites in order to purchase new exhibits, hire professional .................. and refurbish monuments.)

refurbish (v)

Sub-topic: History.

Make a building look new again by doing work such as painting, repairing, and cleaning.

(The government should divert more funding to museums and historical sites in order to purchase new exhibits, hire professional docents and .................... monuments.)

reverse the trend

Sub-topic: History.

Change to trend.

(Government officials said they hoped that freeing up the curriculum, investing 1 billion into personalised learning and reintroducing synthetic phonics would .......................)

bridge cultural gap

Sub-topic: History.

Reduce systematic difference between two cultures which hinders mutual understanding or relations.

(Globalization has been the key in facilitating global commerce and ...................)

corrosion

Sub-topic: History.

Process of corroding, or metal that has been corroded.

(Facilitating global commerce is attributed to cause the ................... of national values in certain places. )

invigorated (a)

Sub-topic: History.

Give strength or energy to.

(In economic terms, the ability to penetrate foreign markets presents lucrative opportunities for businesses. In return, investments made by these entities in infrastructure and offices, especially in economically disadvantaged countries, have generated an enormous number of jobs and ................... local and national economies.)

precursor

Sub-topic: History.

A person or thing that comes before another of the same kind; a forerunner.

(Nowadays, citizens from one nation can learn about the history and way of life of many others, which is a .................. to greater appreciation and acceptance of the differences between peoples and races and helps to erase hostility that may have existed because of past conflicts.)

erase hostility

Sub-topic: History.

To eliminate hostile behavior; unfriendliness or opposition.

(Nowadays, citizens from one nation can learn about the history and way of life of many others, which is a precursor to greater appreciation and acceptance of the differences between peoples and races and helps to .................... that may have existed because of past conflicts.)

marginalize (v)

Sub-topic: History.

Treat (a person, group, or concept) as insignificant or peripheral.

(This is hardly the first time that a major media network used its power to ................... political beliefs that contradict those of its owners.)

manifest (a) (v)

Sub-topic: History.

Clear or obvious to the eye or mind.

(The only losers remain the victims, who deserve to have their deaths honored by a little more intelligence, not to mention ................. humanity.)

embrace (v)

Sub-topic: History.

Accept or support (a belief, theory, or change) willingly and enthusiastically.

(And although they ....................... new technology, they often seem complacent about political issues and have not transformed our political landscape.)

fervent (a)

Sub-topic: History.

Having or displaying a passionate intensity.

(Their ................ hope is that anger at chaos caused by the millennium bug could lead to revulsion powerful enough to prevent the digital ascendancy.)

a shift in mindset

Sub-topic: History.

The changes in attitudes.

(Hopefully, and with time, we'll see more high schools ease their policies about social networking and see a ..................... that will allow for more seamless integration of these sites into education at all levels.)

eminently

Sub-topic: History.

to a notable degree; very.

(He offers an ................ readable account of parallel worlds and their various levels, and also runs through the history of quantum physics.)

alleviate (v)

Sub-topic: History.

Make (suffering, deficiency, or a problem) less severe.

(What is really needed now is a sustained period of dryness to .................... future flood potential, as well as firm up soils for farm machinery.)

budget deficits

Sub-topic: History.

A budget deficit occurs when expenses exceed revenue and indicate the financial health of a country.

(In light of serious .................. in many nations around the world, what the government should and should not spend on is being heatedly debated. )

take precedence

Sub-topic: History.

to be more important (than something else).

(There are those who claim that services that directly cater to the masses should ....................... when it comes to government funding, and expenditure on arts is wasteful.)

government funding

Sub-topic: History.

Any grant, loan or other financial assistance from any federal, provincial or municipal government or government agency.

(There are those who claim that services that directly cater to the masses should take precedence when it comes to ....................., and expenditure on arts is wasteful.)

the public purse

Sub-topic: History.

The funds raised by a government by taxation or other means.

(I agree that most of .................. should be dedicated to public services, I also believe it would be imprudent to downplay the dividends of investments in artistic fields. )

imprudent

Sub-topic: History.

Not showing care for the consequences of an action; rash.

(I agree that most of the public purse should be dedicated to public services, I also believe it would be ..................... to downplay the dividends of investments in artistic fields. )

downplay (v)

Sub-topic: History.

Make (something) appear less important than it really is.

(I agree that most of the public purse should be dedicated to public services, I also believe it would be imprudent to .................. the dividends of investments in artistic fields. )

dividend

Sub-topic: History.

A sum of money paid regularly (typically quarterly) by a company to its shareholders out of its profits (or reserves).

(I agree that most of the public purse should be dedicated to public services, I also believe it would be imprudent to downplay the .................. of investments in artistic fields. )

forgo

Sub-topic: History.

refrain from.

(Ploughing part of tax revenue back into the public transport network is needed to encourage people to ................ personal vehicles — a choice that could have an immediate impact on both congestion and pollution.)

public utilities

Sub-topic: History.

An organization supplying the community with electricity, gas, water, or sewerage.

(Diverting funds to ................... allows citizens to have cheap access to water and electricity. These are just a few among a whole host of services that are fundamentally important to people's life; compared to them, areas like music or art do seem trivial and hard to justify pouring money into. )

the dawn of civilization

Sub-topic: History.

The time when civilization begins.

(Since ........................, the zeitgeist and important narratives of each period have been richly portrayed through various art forms, including painting, music, literature, and so on.)

zeitgeist

Sub-topic: History.

The defining spirit or mood of a particular period of history as shown by the ideas and beliefs of the time.

(Since the dawn of civilization, the ......................... and important narratives of each period have been richly portrayed through various art forms, including painting, music, literature, and so on.)

irrefutable (a)

Sub-topic: History.

Impossible to deny or disprove.

(It is .................. that the bulk of state budgets should go to public services, but I believe art also deserves the government's attention and resources.)

state budgets

Sub-topic: History.

All the expenditures and revenues of foreign that are estimated and realized over a certain period of time decided by competent authorities in order to perform the functions and tasks of the State.

(It is irrefutable that the bulk of .............. should go to public services, but I believe art also deserves the government's attention and resources.)