Unit 5: Protein Synthesis

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Description and Tags

DNA, Translation, and Transcription

4 Terms

1
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Translation

involves reading the mRNA and making it into a protein.

3 Steps:

Initiation → mRNA carries DNA instructions and tRNA carrying the amino acids meet in the ribosomes

Elongation → amino acids are joined together by peptide bonds to create a protein (polypeptide chains = proteins)

Termination → at end of mRNA coding, a stop codon will end the elongation stage (when this happens the components break apart)

2
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tRNA

carries amino acids to build proteins

(anti-codons)

3
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Point mutation

a genetic mutation where a single nucleotide base pair in DNA or RNA is changed, added, or deleted

4
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mRNA

brings the genetic info from the nucleus to the ribosome

codons