a215 block 2 lab

buccinator

pulls cheeks against teeth when chewing

occipitofrontalis

raises eyebrows

occipital belly (occiptalis)

retracts scalp slightly, scalp shifts.

frontal belly (frontalis)

elevates eyebrows and wrinkles skin of the forehead

orbicularis oculi

closes the eyes; wink, blink, squint

orbicularis oris

closes and purses lips - pucker

platysma

tenses skin of neck and depresses lower lip

temporalis

elevates and retracts mandible

masseter

elevates and protracts mandible

genioglossus

protracts (protrudes) tongue

hyoglossus

depresses and retracts tongue

sternocleidomastoid

each rotates head to one side. when contracted on both sides, the head and neck are flexed.

digastric

elevates hyoid and depresses the mandible

stylohyoid

elevates hyoid bone

mylohyoid

elevates hyoid and raises the floor of mouth

sternohyoid

depresses hyoid

omohyoid

depresses hyoid

trapezius

elevates and retracts scapula

latissimus dorsi

extends and adducts arm

levator scapulae

elevates scapula

rhomboid

major is highlighted, minor is right above.

erector spinae

extend vertebral column, consists of iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

splenius capitis

each rotates head to one side, together they extend the head/neck

pectoralis major

flexes and adducts arm

pectoralis minor

protracts and depresses scapula

serratus anterior

protracts and depresses scapula

external intercostals

elevate ribs during inhalation

internal intercostals

depress ribs during forces exhalation

scalenes

thoracic diaphragm

contraction pulls the central portion down, increasing the vertical dimensions of the thorax

rectus abdominis

bilaterally flex vertebral column and compress abdominal wall

external oblique

bilaterally flex vertebral column and compress abdominal wall. unilaterally flexes the vertebral column. runs inferomedially

internal oblique

bilaterally flex vertebral column and compress abdominal wall. unilaterally flexes the vertebral column. runs inferolaterally

transverse abdominis

bilaterally flexes vertebral column and compress abdominal wall

quadratus lumborum

unilaterally: each laterally flexes vertebral column. bilaterally: extend lumbar vertebral column.

rhomboid major

elevates and retracts scapula

rhomboid minor

elevates and retracts scapula

deltoid

abducts, flexes, and extends arm

coracobrachialis

flexes and adducts arm

teres major

extends and adducts arm

subscapularis

medially rotates arm

supraspinatus

abducts arm - pulls arm away from body

infraspinatus

laterally rotates arm

teres minor

laterally rotates arm

biceps brachii

flexes forearm at elbow and supinates forearm

triceps brachii

extends forearm at elbow joint

brachialis

flexes forearm

brachioradialis

flexes forearm

supinator

supinates forearm

pronator teres

pronates forearm - most superficial

pronator quadratus

pronates forearm - super deep

flexor retinaculum

forms the roof of the carpal tunnel - purple part

flexor carpi radialis

flexes wrist and abducts hand

palmaris longus

flexes wrist - passes over top of flexor retinaculum

flexor carpi ulnaris

flexes wrist and adducts hand

flexor digitorum superficialis

flexes wrist and flexes digits 2-5 at MP and PIP joints

flexor digitorum profundus

flexes wrist and digits 2-5 at the MP, PIP, and DIP joints

extensor retinaculum

band over extensors

extensor carpi radialis

both longus and brevis extends wrist and abducts hand

extensor digitorum

extends wrist and digits 2-5 at MP, PIP, and DIP joints

extensor carpi ulnaris

extends wrist and adducts hands

abductor pollicis longus

abducts thump

extensor pollicis longus

extends thumb

thenar

moves the thumb

hypothenar

moves the pinky

lumbricals

flex MP joints and extend PIP/DIP joints

palmar interossei

flex MP joints and extend PIP/DIP joints. also adduct fingers PAD

dorsal interossei

flex MP joints and extend PIP/DIP joints. also abduct fingers. DAB

psoas

flexor of the hip

iliacus

flexor of the hip

gluteus maximus

extends thigh at hip joint

gluteus medius

abducts thigh

adductors

adduct and flex the thigh

sartorius

flex thigh at hip joint also flexes leg at knee joint

quadriceps femoris

extend the leg at knee joint

rectus femoris

extend the leg at knee joint

vastus lateralis

extend the leg at knee joint

vastus medialis

extend the leg at knee joint

vastus intermedius

extend the leg at knee joint

gracilis

adduct and flex the thigh, also flexes leg at knee joint

biceps femoris (long head)

extend the thigh at hip joint and flex the leg at knee joint

biceps femoris (short head)

extend the thigh at hip joint and flex the leg at knee joint

semitendinosus

extend the thigh at hip joint and flex the leg at knee joint

semimembranosus

extend the thigh at hip joint and flex the leg at knee joint

tensor fasciae latae

connects to the iliotibial tract, abducts

iliotibial band

provides support to quad muscles

popliteus

flexes leg at knee joint

tibialis anterior

dorsiflexes and inverts the foot

extensor digitorum longus

dorsiflexes foot and extends toes 2-5

extensor hallucis longus

dorsiflexes foot and extends big toe

fibularis longus

evert foot and weakly plantar flex foot

fibularis brevis

evert foot and weakly plantar flex foot

calcaneal (achilles) tendon

gastrocnemius

plantar flexes foot and flexes knee joint

soleus

plantar flexes foot

flexor digitorum longus

plantar flexes foot and flexes toes 2-5

tibialis posterior

plantar flexes foot and inverts foot

flexor hallucis longus

plantar flexes foot and flexes the big toe

plantar aponeurosis

arachnoid mater