Microbial Diversity (Gram-positive Prokaryotes and their Drug of Choice)

Staphylococcus sp, Streptococcus sp, Enterococcus sp

what gram-positive bacteria belong to the cocci group?

Alpha hemolysis, Beta hemolysis, Gamma hemolysis

what are the three types of hemolysis in the Streptococci group?

Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus viridians, Streptococcus mutans

What bacteria is under the alpha hemolysis?

Streptococcus pyogenes

In Lancefield grouping, what bacteria is under Group A (B-hemolytic)?

Streptococcus pyogenes

this bacteria causes streptococcal pharyngitis or strep throat

Scarlet fever, Pyoderma, Necrotizing Fasciitis

what skin infection is associated with Streptococcal pyogenes?

Dick Test

what test is used to determine a person's immunity to Scarlet fever?

ampicillin and gentamycin

what drugs are taken for treatment of diseases caused by Streptococcus agalactiae?

Neonatal meningitis, Pneumonia, Neonatal sepsis

what are the diseases caused by Streptococcus agalactiae?

Streptococcus dysgalactiae,
Streptococcus equi, Streptococcus equisimilis, Streptococcus zooepidemicus

what bacteria are under Group C Streptococcus in Lancefield grouping?

Enterococcus faecium

this bacteria is responsible for much of the infections in surgical wounds and the urinary tract and enter the bloodstream through indwelling catheters

Streptococcus bovis

this bacteria is part of the normal flora of colon and is under Group D Streptococcus in Lancefield grouping

Periodontal disease, Endocarditis, and Brain Abscess

what diseases are caused by Streptococcus viridans?

Streptococcus pneumoniae

In children, this bacteria causes Otitis media and Sinusitis. In adults, this causes Pneumonia and Meningitis.

Staphylococcus aureus

this bacteria grows at 15-45 degrees Celsius at 15% NaCl concentration, arranged in grapelike structure, and are in yellow colonies

Scalded Skin Syndrome, Toxic Shock Syndrome, Food poisoning, and Acute gastroenteritis

what are the diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus?

acute endocarditis or bacterial endocarditis

it is an infection caused by bacteria that enter the bloodstream and settle in the heart lining, a heart valve or a blood vessel

Staphylococcus epidermidis

a bacteria under the Staphylococcus group that is part of the normal flora, typically the skin flora

Staphylococcus saprophyticus

this bacteria is the second cause of UTI in sexually active women

Bacillus anthracis

the causative agent of anthrax

McFadyean's reaction

a diagnostic procedure to identify the anthrax bacilli

Cutaneous, Respiratory, and Gastrointestinal

what are the different forms of anthrax?

Respiratory anthrax

the most deadly form of anthrax infection in humans

gastrointestinal anthrax

what form of anthrax can be developed when a person eats raw or undercooked meat from an animal infected with anthrax?

Bacillus cereus

the causative agent of fried rice poisoning

Pen G and Ciprofloxacin

what is the drug of choice for gastrointestinal anthrax?

Pen G

the drug of choice for fried rice poisoning caused by Bacillus cereus

Bacillus subtilis

this bacteria produced bacitracin

botulinum toxin

a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum that causes flaccid paralysis and floppy baby syndrome

Metronidazole

the drug of choice for people who have been infected with the Botulinum toxin

infant botulism, food-borne botulism, and wound botulism

what are the three forms of human botulism?

Clostridium tetani

this bacteria resembles a tennis racket or a drumstick on a gram stain

Lock Jaw and Sardonic smile

what are the manifestations of Clostridium tetani?

Metronidazole

the drug of choice for Clostridium tetani

Clostridium perfringens

this bacteria produces Lecithinase, Collagenase, and Hyaluronidase

Metronidazole, Clindamycin, and Pen G

the drug of choice for diseases caused by Clostridium perfringens

Clostridium perfringens

this bacteria produces an invasive infection called gas gangrene

severe diarrhea, abdominal cramping, and fever

what are the clinical manifestations of Clostridium difficile

metronidazole and vancomycin

the drug of choice for diseases caused by Clostridium perfringens

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

this bacteria produces diphtheria toxin with the upper respiratory tract as its common site of infection

schick test

a test used to determine the susceptibility to diphtheria

Erythromycin, Pen G

the drug of choice for diseases associated with Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Listeria monocytogenes

the causative agent of Listeriosis

Cotrimoxazole, Ampicillin

the drug of choice for diseases caused by Listeria monocytogenes

Lactobacillus

used commercially in the production of sauerkraut, pickles, buttermilk, and yogurt

Propionibacterium acne

bacteria that is commonly found on human skin and is implicated as the primary bacterial cause of acne

Nocardia asteroides

the causative agent of mycetoma

mycetoma

a localized dysfunction of the feet or hands

Actinomyces israelii

the causative agent of actinomycosis

Surgical removal of lesions

what is the treatment for diseases caused by Actinomyces israelii?